K8S环境内核升级操作指南
博客介绍了搭建K8S环境时内核版本要求及升级方法。需内核版本大于4.4，先查看当前内核版本，添加阿里源，重建yum缓存，查看并安装内核包，设置启动内核，最后重启验证是否生效。
我们搭建K8S环境的时候，内核版本最好要大于4.4
先查看内核版本：uname -r
[root@k8s-master ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
显示为3.10，查看关于内核的包：rpm -qa |grep kernel
[root@k8s-master ~]# rpm -qa |grep kernel
kernel-devel-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.1.11-60.el7.centos.x86_64
kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
kernel-tools-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
添加阿里源：
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
[elrepo]
name=elrepo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/archive/kernel/el7/x86_64
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
> [elrepo]
> name=elrepo
> baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/archive/kernel/el7/x86_64
> gpgcheck=0
> enabled=1
> EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
[elrepo]
name=elrepo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/archive/kernel/el7/x86_64
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
重建yum缓存：yum clean all && yum makecache
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: base docker-ce-stable elrepo extras kubernetes updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00
elrepo | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
kubernetes/signature | 454 B 00:00:00
kubernetes/signature | 1.4 kB 00:00:00 !!!
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/20): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/20): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 47 kB 00:00:00
(3/20): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/updateinfo | 55 B 00:00:00
(4/20): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/primary_db | 117 kB 00:00:00
查看yum仓库中的内核包：yum list --showduplicate kernel*
安装内核：yum install -y kernel-lt-5.4.257 kernel-lt-devel-5.4.257
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y kernel-lt-5.4.257-1
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
No package kernel-lt-5.4.257-1 available.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y kernel-lt-5.4.257
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-lt.x86_64 0:5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
kernel-lt x86_64 5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo elrepo 50 M
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 50 M
Installed size: 230 M
Downloading packages:
kernel-lt-5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 50 MB 00:00:42
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : kernel-lt-5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : kernel-lt-5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
kernel-lt.x86_64 0:5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo
Complete!
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y kernel-lt-devel-5.4.257
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 0:5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
kernel-lt-devel x86_64 5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo elrepo 13 M
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 13 M
Installed size: 49 M
Downloading packages:
kernel-lt-devel-5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 13 MB 00:00:11
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : kernel-lt-devel-5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : kernel-lt-devel-5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 0:5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo
Complete!
查看启动内核：cat /etc/grub2.cfg | grep menuentry|awk -F "\'" '$1=="menuentry " {print i++ " : " $2}'
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/grub2.cfg | grep menuentry|awk -F "\'" '$1=="menuentry " {print i++ " : " $2}'
awk: warning: escape sequence `\'' treated as plain `''
0 : CentOS Linux (5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
1 : CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
2 : CentOS Linux (0-rescue-2d4005070b6045f28839cde26ee9598b) 7 (Core)
设置启动内核：grub2-set-default 0
[root@k8s-master ~]# grub2-set-default 0
重启，查看是否生效：reboot
uname -r
[d:\~]$
Connecting to 192.168.200.141:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
Last login: Fri Oct 6 17:49:52 2023 from 192.168.200.1
[root@k8s-master ~]# uname -r
5.4.257-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
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