第四周作业

1.复制/etc/skel目录为/home/tuser1，要求/home/tuser1及其内部文件的属组和其它用户均没有任何访问权限。

[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /etc/skel  /home/tuser1
[root@localhost ~]# ll /home/
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root       root     62 Dec 11 06:48 tuser1
drwx------. 2 user1      user1    62 Dec  9 21:25 user1
drwx------. 2 user3      user3    62 Dec  9 22:27 user3
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 700 /home/tuser1
[root@localhost ~]# ll /home/ | grep tuser1
drwx------. 2 root       root     62 Dec 11 06:48 tuser1
[root@localhost ~]# 

2.编辑/etc/group文件，添加组hadoop。

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group | grep hadoop
hadoop:x:2019:
[root@localhost ~]# 

3.手动编辑/etc/passwd文件新增一行，添加用户hadoop，其基本组ID为hadoop组的id号；其家目录为/home/hadoop。

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep hadoop
hadoop:x:2019:2019::/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]# 

4.复制/etc/skel目录为/home/hadoop，要求修改hadoop目录的属组和其它用户没有任何访问权限。

[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 700 /home/hadoop/
[root@localhost ~]# ls -al /home/hadoop       
total 12
drwx------.  2 root root  62 Dec 11 07:55 .
drwxr-xr-x. 20 root root 266 Dec 11 07:55 ..
-rwx------.  1 root root  18 Dec 11 07:55 .bash_logout
-rwx------.  1 root root 193 Dec 11 07:55 .bash_profile
-rwx------.  1 root root 231 Dec 11 07:55 .bashrc
[root@localhost ~]# 

5.修改/home/hadoop目录及其内部所有文件的属主为hadoop，属组为hadoop。

[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /home/hadoop
drwx------. 2 root root 62 Dec 11 07:55 /home/hadoop
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /home/hadoop
[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /home/hadoop                 
drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 62 Dec 11 07:55 /home/hadoop
[root@localhost ~]# 

6.显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行；用两种方式；

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo | grep -i "^s"
SwapCached:            0 kB
SwapTotal:       2097148 kB
SwapFree:        2097148 kB
Shmem:              9668 kB
Slab:              62284 kB
SReclaimable:      26632 kB
SUnreclaim:        35652 kB
[root@localhost ~]# grep "^[sS]" /proc/meminfo 
SwapCached:            0 kB
SwapTotal:       2097148 kB
SwapFree:        2097148 kB
Shmem:              9668 kB
Slab:              62284 kB
SReclaimable:      26632 kB
SUnreclaim:        35652 kB

7.显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户；

[root@localhost ~]# grep  "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd  
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
polkitd:x:999:998:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
[root@localhost ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
luokun:x:1000:1000:luokun:/home/luokun:/bin/bash
tcwy_lk:x:1001:1001::/home/tcwy_lk:/bin/bash
centos:x:1002:1002::/home/centos:/bin/bash
cloudstack:x:1006:1005::/home/cloudstack:/bin/bash
gentoo:x:4001:4001::/home/gentoo:/bin/bash
fedora:x:4002:4002:Fedora Core:/home/fedora:/bin/tcsh
docker:x:4003:4003:Docker,white house,911,110:/home/docker:/bin/bash
mageia:x:1100:1100::/home/linux:/bin/bash
slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh
user1:x:4004:4006::/home/user1:/bin/bash
user3:x:4005:4007::/home/user3:/bin/bash
hadoop:x:2019:2019::/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1
root
sync
shutdown
halt
luokun
tcwy_lk
centos
cloudstack
gentoo
fedora
docker
mageia
slackware
user1
user3
hadoop
[root@localhost ~]

8.显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户；

[root@localhost ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1
root
luokun
tcwy_lk
centos
cloudstack
gentoo
docker
mageia
user1
user3

9.找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数；

[root@localhost ~]# grep "\<[0-9][0-9]\?\>" /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
[root@localhost ~]# 

10.显示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一个空白字符开头的行；

[root@localhost ~]# grep "^[[:space:]]\+" /boot/grub/grub.conf
grep: /boot/grub/grub.conf: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# ls /boot/grub
grub/  grub2/ 
[root@localhost ~]# ls /boot/grub/
splash.xpm.gz

11.显示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#开头，后面跟至少一个空白字符，而后又有至少一个非空白字符的行；

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/rc.d/
init.d  rc0.d  rc1.d  rc2.d  rc3.d  rc4.d  rc5.d  rc6.d  rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\+[^[:space:]]\+" /etc/rc.d/rc.local 
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
[root@localhost ~]# 

12.打出netstat -tan命令执行结果中以‘LISTEN’，后或跟空白字符结尾的行；

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tan | grep " LISTEN[[:space:]]*$"
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN     
[root@localhost ~]# 

13.添加用户bash, testbash, basher, nologin (此一个用户的shell为/sbin/nologin)，而后找出当前系统上其用户名和默认shell相同的用户的信息；

[root@localhost ~]# useradd bash
[root@localhost ~]# useradd testbash
[root@localhost ~]# useradd basher
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nologin
[root@localhost ~]# grep -E "^([^:]+\>).*\1$" /etc/passwd
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
bash:x:4006:4008::/home/bash:/bin/bash
nologin:x:4009:4011::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
[root@localhost ~]#