服务消费
通过上一篇 <SpringCloud初识一:eureka与server>
我们已经成功注册了服务提供者,接下来我们将学习如何消费这些服务
1. 首先在Maven项目下创建一个server-consumer项目
2.创建完之后注入RestTemplate
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
controller
@RestController
public class ConsumerDemoController {
@Autowired
LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/consumerDemo")
public String getDemo() {
//获取server-client 服务信息
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("server-client");
if (serviceInstance == null) return "无提供服务";
//restTemplate消费服务
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + "/demo", String.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumerDemoPost")
public String getDemoPost() {
//获取server-client 服务信息
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("server-client");
if (serviceInstance == null) return "无提供服务";
//拼装post请求参数
Map<String, String> dtoMap = new HashMap<>();
dtoMap.put("id","111");
dtoMap.put("name","333");
//restTemplate消费服务
return restTemplate.postForObject("http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + "/demoPost", dtoMap,String.class);
}
}
application.properties
server.port=3001
spring.application.name=server-consumer
eureka.instance.hostname=localhost
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:1001/eureka/
server-consumer的pom.xml
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
同时这里我为了使用更清晰,改动了部分server-client 的代码内容如下:
controller
@RestController
public class DemoController {
@Value("${server.port}")
private String post;
@Value("${spring.application.name}")
private String applicationName;
@RequestMapping(value = "/demo",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getDemo(){
return "HELLO WORD post:" + post + ",applicationName:" + applicationName;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/demoPost",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String getDemoPost(@RequestBody RequestDto requestDto){
return "HELLO WORD post:" + post + ",applicationName:" + applicationName + ",request:" + JSONObject.toJSONString(requestDto);
}
}
dto
@Data
public class RequestDto implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3704054941639462199L;
private Integer id;
private String name;
}
这里用到了lombok不需要再写get set
server-client的pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
3.准备工作做完了,启动eureka,server和consumer
直接访问
http://localhost:3001/consumerDemo
http://localhost:3001/consumerDemoPost
服务刚启动可能会提示"无提供服务".注册服务是有延迟的.先刷新eureka
http://localhost:1001 看到服务都注册完成后再访问
4.改掉server-client 的端口启动多个server-client服务.
刷新
eureka
: http://localhost:1001/ 你会看到有多个提供者
反复刷新server-consumer : http://localhost:3001/consumerDemo 你会看到下面两个输出轮流切换
这是因为
Ribbon
默认是轮询的方式.需要自定义的话配置下@Bean
@Bean
public IRule myRule(){
// return new RoundRobinRule();//轮询
// return new RetryRule();//重试
return new BestAvailableRule();//性能最好的
}
重试会将无法访问的服务的请求多次重试,依旧无法操作会报错返回
性能最好会将一个请求访问量最少最空闲的服务访问结果返回.除非没有正常运行的服务,不然不会报错