大数据Hadoop之Mapreduce_学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-22 21:06:41 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-22 21:06:41 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37356854/article/details/104888238

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本文详细介绍了Hadoop MapReduce的编程规范，包括Mapper、Reducer和Driver的编写。接着深入探讨了Hadoop序列化，通过实例展示了如何编写MapReduce程序。此外，重点解析了MapReduce框架原理，特别是InputFormat数据输入的切片机制和MapReduce工作流程中的Shuffle过程，解释了小文件问题和如何通过自定义InputFormat优化处理。

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1.MapReduce

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1.7 MapReduce编程规范

用户编写的程序分成三个部分：Mapper、Reducer和Driver。
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编写程序

Mapper类

package com.atguigu.mapreduce;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;

public class WordcountMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
   
	
	Text k = new Text();
	IntWritable v = new IntWritable(1);
	
	@Override
	protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)	throws IOException, InterruptedException {
   
		
		// 1 获取一行
		String line = value.toString();
		
		// 2 切割
		String[] words = line.split(" ");
		
		// 3 输出
		for (String word : words) {
   
			
			k.set(word);
			context.write(k, v);
		}
	}
}

编写reducer类

package com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;

public class WordcountReducer extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>{
   
int sum;
IntWritable v = new IntWritable();

	@Override
	protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
   
		
		// 1 累加求和
		sum = 0;
		for (IntWritable count : values) {
   
			sum += count.get();
		}
		
		// 2 输出
       v.set(sum);
		context.write(key,v);
	}
}

编写Driver驱动类

package com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;

public class WordcountDriver {
   

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
   

		// 1 获取配置信息以及封装任务
		Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
		Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration);

		// 2 设置jar加载路径
		job.setJarByClass(WordcountDriver.class);

		// 3 设置map和reduce类
		job.setMapperClass(WordcountMapper.class);
		job.setReducerClass(WordcountReducer.class);

		// 4 设置map输出
		job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
		job.setMapOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);

		// 5 设置最终输出kv类型
		job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
		job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
		// 6 设置输入和输出路径
		FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
		FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));

		// 7 提交
		boolean result = job.waitForCompletion(true);

		System.exit(result ? 0 : 1);
	}
}

2. Hadoop序列化

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序列化案例实操

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编写MapReduce程序
（1）编写流量统计的Bean对象

package com.atguigu.mapreduce.flowsum;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;

// 1 实现writable接口
public class FlowBean implements Writable{
   

	private long upFlow;
	private long downFlow;
	private long sumFlow;
	
	//2  反序列化时，需要反射调用空参构造函数，所以必须有
	public FlowBean() {
   
		super();
	}

	public FlowBean(long upFlow, long downFlow) {
   
		super();
		this.upFlow = upFlow;
		this.downFlow = downFlow;
		this.sumFlow = upFlow + downFlow;
	}
	
	//3  写序列化方法
	@Override
	public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
   
		out.writeLong(upFlow);
		out