1.创建和更新数组的不同方式
1)定义一个数组的初始大小和类型,随后填充值
scala> val array = new Array[String](3)
array: Array[String] = Array(null, null, null)
scala> array(0) = "abc"
scala> array(1) = "def"
scala> array(2) = "hij"
scala> array
res66: Array[String] = Array(abc, def, hij)
2)创建指向数组的var引用,然后赋值给它
scala> var fruits: Array[String] = _
fruits: Array[String] = null
scala> fruits = Array("apple","orange","banana")
fruits: Array[String] = [Ljava.lang.String;@79a73e5e
scala> fruits
res67: Array[String] = Array(apple, orange, banana)
3)集合混合类型组成
scala> val x =Array(1,2.0,33D,400L)
x: Array[Double] = Array(1.0, 2.0, 33.0, 400.0)
4)集合混合类型组成,可以有自己控制。下面的例子的数组保持了原有数组的类型
scala> val x =Array[Number](1,2.0,33D,400L)
x: Array[Number] = Array(1, 2.0, 33.0, 400)
5)range创建和填充数组
scala> val x = Array.range(1,10)
x: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
scala> val x = Array.range(1,10,2)
x: Array[Int] = Array(1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
6)fill创建和填充数组
scala> val x = Array.fill(3)("hello")
x: Array[String] = Array(hello, hello, hello)
7)tabulate创建和填充数组
scala> val x = Array.tabulate(5)(i => i * i)
x: Array[Int] = Array(0, 1, 4, 9, 16)
8)将list集合转化为数组的形式
scala> val x = List(1,2,3,4,5).toArray
x: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
9)将字符串转化为数组的形式
scala> "hello".toArray
res68: Array[Char] = Array(h, e, l, l, o)
10)通过()的索引,就可以访问对应的元素
scala> val x = Array(1,3,4,5,7,9)
x: Array[Int] = Array(1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9)
scala> x(0)
res70: Int = 1
scala> x(3)
res71: Int = 5
11)更新数组就是把访问的元素给到一个值即可完成更新
scala> x(3) = 30
scala> x
res73: Array[Int] = Array(1, 3, 4, 30, 7, 9)
2.创建大小可变的数组(ArrayBuffer)
1)Array是可变的,因为它的内容可以改变,但是其大小是不能进行改变的。想要创建一个大小和值都可变的索引序列,可以使用ArrayBuffer
scala> import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
scala> var x = ArrayBuffer[String]()
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer()
scala> x += "aa"
res74: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa)
scala> x += "bb"
res75: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb)
scala> x += "cc"
res76: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb, cc)
scala> x
res77: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb, cc)
2)可以在创建ArrayBuffer时就添加元素,之后继续添加
scala> val x = collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer("aa","bb")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb)
scala> x += "cc"
res78: x.type = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb, cc)
3)可以使用++=添加元素到数组中去
scala> val x = collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer("aa","bb")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb)
scala> x ++= Seq("dd","ee")
res79: x.type = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb, dd, ee)
4)可以使append方法添加元素到数组中去
scala> val x = collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer("aa","bb")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb)
scala> x.append("ww","oo","pp")
scala> x
res81: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(aa, bb, ww, oo, pp)
3.删除Array和ArrayBuffer中的元素
1)使用-=删除一个或者多个元素
scala> import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
scala> val x = ArrayBuffer("c","d","a","e","f")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(c, d, a, e, f)
scala> x -= "a"
res82: x.type = ArrayBuffer(c, d, e, f)
scala> x -= ("c","d")
res83: x.type = ArrayBuffer(e, f)
2)使用--=删除定义在另一个集合中的多个元素
scala> val x = ArrayBuffer("c","d","a","e","f")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(c, d, a, e, f)
scala> x --= Seq("a","c")
res84: x.type = ArrayBuffer(d, e, f)
scala> x --= Array("d")
res85: x.type = ArrayBuffer(e, f)
scala> x --= Set("f")
res86: x.type = ArrayBuffer(e)
3)根据ArrayBuffer中元素的位置使用remove删除元素,或者根据开始位置删除一系列的元素
scala> import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
scala> val x = ArrayBuffer("c","d","a","e","f")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(c, d, a, e, f)
scala> x.remove(0)
res0: String = c
scala> x
res1: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(d, a, e, f)
scala> x.remove(1,3)
scala> x
res3: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(d)
4)clear方法可以删除数组中的所有元素
scala> import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
scala> val x = ArrayBuffer("c","d","a","e","f")
x: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(c, d, a, e, f)
scala> x.clear
scala> x
res5: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer()
5)定义数组变量var,通过过滤的方式删除元素,重新将结果赋给自己
scala> var a = Array("apple","orange","banana")
a: Array[String] = Array(apple, orange, banana)
scala> a = a.take(2)
a: Array[String] = [Ljava.lang.String;@405223e4
scala> a
res6: Array[String] = Array(apple, orange)
4.数组的排序
将一个数组或者ArrayBuffer中的元素进行排序。如果正在使用的是一个包含隐式排序元素的Array,可以使用scala.util.Sorting.quickSort方法对该Array进行排序。
scala> val x = Array("cherry","apple","banana")
x: Array[String] = Array(cherry, apple, banana)
scala> scala.util.Sorting.quickSort(x)
scala> x
res8: Array[String] = Array(apple, banana, cherry)
scala> val x = Array(2,4,1,9,5,7)
x: Array[Int] = Array(2, 4, 1, 9, 5, 7)
scala> scala.util.Sorting.quickSort(x)
scala> x
res10: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9)
5.创建多维数组
1)使用Array.ofDim方法创建所需要的数组
scala> val rows = 2
rows: Int = 2
scala> val cols = 3
cols: Int = 3
scala> val x = Array.ofDim[String](rows,cols)
2)给多维数组添加元素
scala> x(0)(0) = "a"
scala> x(0)(1) = "b"
scala> x(0)(2) = "c"
scala> x(1)(0) = "d"
scala> x(1)(1) = "e"
scala> x(1)(2) = "f"
scala> x
res17: Array[Array[String]] = Array(Array(a, b, c), Array(d, e, f))
3)根据索引的具体位置访问元素
scala> val a = x(1)(1)
a: String = e
用for循环遍历数组的元素:
scala> for {
| i <- 0 until rows
| j <- 0 until cols
| } println(s"($i)($j) = ${x(i)(j)}")
(0)(0) = a
(0)(1) = b
(0)(2) = c
(1)(0) = d
(1)(1) = e
(1)(2) = f
4)创建三维数组
scala> val x,y,z = 3
x: Int = 3
y: Int = 3
z: Int = 3
scala> val a = Array.ofDim[Int](x,y,z)
a: Array[Array[Array[Int]]] = Array(Array(Array(0, 0, 0), Array(0, 0, 0), Array(0, 0, 0)), Array(Array(0, 0, 0), Array(0, 0, 0), Array(0, 0, 0)), Array(Array(0,0, 0), Array(0, 0, 0), Array(0, 0, 0)))
scala> for {
| i <- 0 until x
| j <- 0 until y
| z <- 0 until z
| } println(s"($i)($j)($z) = ${a(i)(j)(z)}")
(0)(0)(0) = 0
(0)(0)(1) = 0
(0)(0)(2) = 0
(0)(1)(0) = 0
(0)(1)(1) = 0
(0)(1)(2) = 0
(0)(2)(0) = 0
(0)(2)(1) = 0
(0)(2)(2) = 0
(1)(0)(0) = 0
(1)(0)(1) = 0
(1)(0)(2) = 0
(1)(1)(0) = 0
(1)(1)(1) = 0
(1)(1)(2) = 0
(1)(2)(0) = 0
(1)(2)(1) = 0
(1)(2)(2) = 0
(2)(0)(0) = 0
(2)(0)(1) = 0
(2)(0)(2) = 0
(2)(1)(0) = 0
(2)(1)(1) = 0
(2)(1)(2) = 0
(2)(2)(0) = 0
(2)(2)(1) = 0
(2)(2)(2) = 0
所谓的人生开挂,不过是厚积薄发! 欢迎评论和转载!