Linux下安装mysql数据库（源码编译安装）及排错

        Linux下安装mysql数据库（源码编译安装）

1.      下载mysql版本#wgethttp://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/pub/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz

2.      安装依赖以及编译工具cmake

#yum install –y cmake

#yum install –y ncurses-devel

3.      添加用户mysql

#useradd –u 8001 –s /sbin/nologin mysql

4.      创建数据库存放目录#mkdir /data

5.      编译安装mysql

#cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

对应的参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX  数据文件存放目录

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR        sock文件路径

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET                  默认字符集

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION              默认字符校对

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS 扩展字符支持 默认all

-DWITH_storage_STORAGE_ENGINE  存储引擎的支持,默认支持MyISAM,MERGE,MEMORY,CVS存储引擎

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1  启用加载本地数据

-DMYSQL_DATADIR                     数据存放目录

-DMYSQL_USER                            mysql运行用户

扩展：

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  支持分区表

-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=dir_name

-DSYSCONFDIR=dir_name   The defaultmy.cnf option file directory

6.      安装#make&&makeinstall

7.      对mysql用户授权

#chown-R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

#chown–R mysql:mysql /data

#mkdir /var/mysql

#chmod 755 /var/mysql

8.      创建配置文件#cpsupport-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

9.      设置环境变量

#echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:’>>/etc/profile

#source !$

10.   创建服务启动脚本，添加至开机启动

   #cp support-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld

   #chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 给脚本添加执行权限

   #vim /etc/init.d/mysqld 服务启动脚本要修改以下两个参数

   basedir=/usr/local/mysql MySQL安装目录

   datadir= /data  数据存放目录

#chkconfig mysqld on 添加开机启动

11.   初始化数据库

#chmod +xscripts/mysql_install_db

#/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data--user=mysql

12.   Mysql初始化安全配置

#mysql_secure_installation

13.   安装过程中遇到的错误

-bash: mysql: commandnot found

原因：

是因为mysql命令的路径在/usr/local/mysql/bin下面,所以你直接使用mysql命令时,系统在/usr/bin下面查此命令,所以找不到了。

解决办法：

ln -s/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin　

※ CouldNOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARYCURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

错误重现：

该错误会在安装cmake时发生，原因是以为没有执行第一步。当你执行完第一步重做cmake前需要先rm CMakeCache.txt。

-- Could NOT findCurses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARYCURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

CMake Error atcmake/readline.cmake:82 (MESSAGE):

  Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,

     remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.OnDebian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it isncurses-devel.

Call Stack (most recentcall first):

  cmake/readline.cmake:126 (FIND_CURSES)

  cmake/readline.cmake:216 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)

  CMakeLists.txt:250 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)

出现这种错误

   Enter current password for root (enter fornone):

   ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

   干掉mysql进程

   pkill mysqld

   rm -rf /data/*

   重新初始化

14.   Mysql安全优化

把用户都删了，添加一个额外的管理员

   mysql> delete from mysql.user;

   mysql> grant all privileges on *.* tosystem@'localhost' identified by '123456' with grant option;

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql>drop test database;