CentOS8安装MySQL8（Yum安装）

1.下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository

#从官方获取RPM包;get后的rpm文件路径需从MySQL官网获取
#从官网获取推荐系统，非推荐系统可能导致安装失败
wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el8-2.noarch.rpm
#安装RPM包
yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el8-2.noarch.rpm

2.安装MySQL-server

yum -y install mysql-community-server

3.启动MySQL-server

启动命令：systemctl start mysqld

未启动状态如下：

[root@VM-0-13-centos emqx]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL 8.0 database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

启动状态如下：

[root@VM-0-13-centos emqx]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL 8.0 database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-10-28 15:37:50 CST; 12s ago
  Process: 56130 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-upgrade (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 55989 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-prepare-db-dir mysqld.service (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 55965 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-socket (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 56081 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 38 (limit: 11438)
   Memory: 449.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─56081 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr

4.登录并修改root账号密码

#首次登陆（无需密码）
mysql -uroot
#选择数据库
use mysql
#修改root账户密码
ALTER USER 'root' @'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';
ALTER USER 'root' @'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Yimiiot@123';
#刷新权限表
flush privileges;
#退出后重新登录
mysql -uroot -p

4.开放远程登录权限

#同样还是先登陆mysql，这时登陆记得用我们新设置的密码。

mysql -uroot -p

#登陆成功后用 show databases; 来显示所有的数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

use mysql; 来更改管理员信息

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

select user,host from user; 查询所有的管理员

mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

update user set host = '%'  where user = 'root'; 更新root用户的本地访问为% ，即代表可以远程访问。通常情况下我们的root用户应该只能本地访问，但是我们今天是为了学习方便，所以就设置root可以远程访问了。

mysql>  update user set host = '%'  where user = 'root'; 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

 flush privileges;刷新下权限。

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

select user,host from user; 查询所有的管理员，root后面的信息就改变了。

mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| root             | %         |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5.数据库导入

查看所有数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| Test               |
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

切换到要导入的数据库

mysql> use Test;
Database changed

#
mysql> source /opt/cs_20211027_233857.sql