Hadoop搭建（三、配置linux系统）

三、配置linux系统

1、修改主机名

master节点

# hostnamectl set-hostname master
# bash

node1节点

# hostnamectl set-hostname node1
# bash

node2节点

# hostnamectl set-hostname node2
# bash

2、配置主机的IP地址

master节点

网卡VMnet1（内网）

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736 
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno16777736
#UUID=20f71f51-c409-48a7-8ac1-c1ab84ac31e9
DEVICE=eno16777736
IPADDR=192.168.100.10
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.100.2
ONBOOT=yes

网卡VMnet2（外网）

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno33554984 
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno33554984
UUID=20f71f51-c409-48a7-8ac1-c1ab84ac31e9
DEVICE=eno33554984
IPADDR=192.168.200.10
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.200.2
DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=8.8.8.8
ONBOOT=yes

保存退出，重启网卡

[root@master ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@master ~]# 

3、配置hosts地址

master节点

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.locald
omain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.locald
omain6

192.168.100.10 master
192.168.100.20 node1
192.168.100.30 node2

node1节点

[root@node1 ~]# scp -r root@192.168.100.10:/etc/hosts /etc/hosts
The authenticity of host '192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.10' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.10's password: 
hosts                                 100%  223     0.2KB/s   00:00    
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.100.10 master
192.168.100.20 node1
192.168.100.30 node2
[root@node1 ~]# 

node2节点

[root@node2 ~]# scp -r root@192.168.100.10:/etc/hosts /etc/hosts
The authenticity of host '192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.10' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.10's password: 
hosts                                 100%  223     0.2KB/s   00:00  

4、ssh免密的配置

检查每个虚拟机上是否安装了ssh 和 启动了ssh服务

[root@master ~]# rpm -qa | grep ssh 
openssh-server-6.6.1p1-22.el7.x86_64
openssh-6.6.1p1-22.el7.x86_64
openssh-clients-6.6.1p1-22.el7.x86_64
libssh2-1.4.3-10.el7.x86_64
[root@master ~]#  

如上图所示，则表示安装了
如果没有安装请执行下面的代码

 yum -y install openssh openssh-server openssh-clients

master节点
node1节点
node2节点
// 都要进行如下1、2步操作
1、创建密钥 ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ‘’ -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
2、追加密钥到autorized_keys文件，并设置权限

master节点

1、创建密钥
[root@master ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
71:ac:3d:22:f6:6b:dd:84:14:f7:13:f6:50:61:60:03 root@master
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|           E.+.+o|
|         .. o *  |
|        . oo o + |
|         =.   o .|
|      o S.o.   . |
|     . o ....    |
|        .. o     |
|        ... .    |
|       ..        |
+-----------------+
[root@master ~]# 

2、追加密钥到autorized_keys文件，并设置权限
[root@master ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@master ~]# chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@master ~]# 

node1节点

[root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
0c:e8:34:56:4e:cd:d4:c1:d4:08:05:0b:a0:10:54:95 root@node1
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|+o..oo=++B++     |
| . . E .o.+ .    |
|  . = o .        |
|   + . o         |
|    .   S        |
|                 |
|                 |
|                 |
|                 |
+-----------------+
[root@node1 ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@node1 ~]# chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@node1 ~]# 

node2节点

[root@node2 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
75:5a:eb:75:47:a3:a1:cf:c0:12:bc:cb:55:0c:64:f9 root@node2
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|          .+.    |
|        . ..o    |
|         o. ++ ..|
|         .++oEo..|
|        So.=... o|
|        . +.+. ..|
|         o  .o   |
|                 |
|                 |
+-----------------+
[root@node2 ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@node2 ~]# chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@node2 ~]# 

master节点
输入命令ssh localhost(主机名) 根据提示输入“yes”（输入exit即可注销）
再次输入命令ssh localhost即可直接登录

[root@master ~]# ssh localhost
The authenticity of host 'localhost (::1)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Last login: Tue Oct 22 21:48:36 2019 from 192.168.100.1
[root@master ~]# exit
logout
Connection to localhost closed.
[root@master ~]# cd ~/.ssh
[root@master .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts
[root@master .ssh]# 

node1节点
通过scp命令复制当前节点的id_rsa.pub公钥，重命名后传送到master节点

[root@node1 ~]# cd .ssh/
[root@node1 .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts
[root@node1 .ssh]# scp id_rsa.pub master:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.node1
The authenticity of host 'master (192.168.100.10)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'master' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@master's password: 
id_rsa.pub                            100%  392     0.4KB/s   00:00    
[root@node1 .ssh]# 

node2节点
通过scp命令复制当前节点的id_rsa.pub公钥，重命名后传送到master节点

[root@node2 ~]# cd .ssh/
[root@node2 .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts
[root@node2 .ssh]# scp id_rsa.pub master:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.node2
The authenticity of host 'master (192.168.100.10)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'master' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@master's password: 
id_rsa.pub                            100%  392     0.4KB/s   00:00    
[root@node2 .ssh]# 

master节点
将node1和node2节点通过scp命令传送过来的id_rsa.pub公钥追加到master的authorized_keys中

[root@master ~]# cd .ssh
[root@master .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  id_rsa.pub        id_rsa.pub.node2
id_rsa           id_rsa.pub.node1  known_hosts
[root@master .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub.node1 >> authorized_keys
[root@master .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub.node2 >> authorized_keys 
[root@master .ssh]# 

master节点
将生成的包含三个节点的秘钥的authorized_keys复制到node1和node2的.ssh目录下
即，任何一个节点的authorized_keys中都有三个节点的秘钥，而且内容都相同

[root@master .ssh]# scp authorized_keys node1:/root/.ssh/
The authenticity of host 'node1 (192.168.100.20)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node1,192.168.100.20' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@node1's password: 
authorized_keys                       100% 1177     1.2KB/s   00:00    
[root@master .ssh]# 

[root@master .ssh]# scp authorized_keys node2:/root/.ssh/
The authenticity of host 'node2 (192.168.100.30)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 84:b7:e7:86:26:a7:51:7b:93:6c:71:1a:2f:b2:40:a5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node2,192.168.100.30' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@node2's password: 
authorized_keys                       100% 1177     1.2KB/s   00:00    
[root@master .ssh]# 

验证免密（自行验证，这里没有贴出代码）
1、ssh localhost（主机名）
如：在master节点输入 ssh node1 或者 ssh node2
2、根据提示输入“yes”
3、输入exit即可注销
再次输入命令ssh localhost即可直接登录