AES 加解密

整理AES加解密，字节数组与十六进制字符串的相互转换。

public class AES {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException {
        String content = "AES加解密";
        String key = "010203";
        System.out.println("加密前：" + content);
        String encryptStr = encrypt(content, key);
        System.out.println("加密后：" + encryptStr);
        String decryptStr = decrypt(encryptStr, key);
        System.out.println("解密后：" + decryptStr);
    }

    public static String encrypt(String content, String key) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException {
        // 获取AES专用密钥
        SecretKeySpec aesKey = getKey(key);
        // 创建密码器
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
        // 初始化为加密模式
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
        byte[] source = content.getBytes("UTF-8");
        // 加密
        byte[] encrypt = cipher.doFinal(source);
        // 加密后的字节数组可能乱码，但可转换为十六进制字符串
        String result = byte2HexStr(encrypt);
        return result;
    }

    /*
    * 一位十六进制对应四位二进制，如十六进制的E对应的二进制为0110
    * 所以可把字节的高四位、低四位转换对应的十六进制
    */
    public static String byte2HexStr(byte[] byteArr) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        String temp = "0123456789ABCDEF";
        for(int i = 0; i < byteArr.length; i++) {
            // 右移四位得到高四位
            buffer.append(temp.charAt(byteArr[i] >> 4 & 0x0f));
            buffer.append(temp.charAt(byteArr[i] & 0x0f));
        }   
        return buffer.toString();
    }

    public static String decrypt(String content, String key) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException {
        // 获取AES专用密钥
        SecretKeySpec aesKey = getKey(key);
        // 创建密码器
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
        // 初始化为解密模式
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
        // 十六进制字符串转换为字节数组
        byte[] temp = hexStr2Byte(content);
        // 解密
        byte[] decrypt = cipher.doFinal(temp);
        return new String(decrypt);
    }

    public static byte[] hexStr2Byte(String content) {
        // 每两位十六进制字符串对应一字节
        byte[] result = new byte[content.length() / 2];
        String str = "0123456789ABCDEF";
        for(int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
            int pos = i * 2;
            result[i] = (byte)(str.indexOf(content.charAt(pos)) << 4 | str.indexOf(content.charAt(pos + 1)));
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static SecretKeySpec getKey(String key) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        // 创建AES的key生成器
        KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        keyGenerator.init(128, new SecureRandom(key.getBytes()));
        // 根据约定的key生成密钥
        SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
        // 返回基本编码格式
        byte[] encoded = secretKey.getEncoded();
        // 创建AES专用密钥
        SecretKeySpec aesKey = new SecretKeySpec(encoded, "AES");
        return aesKey;
    }

}

运行结果如下：