itertools.chain(*iterable) : 将多个序列作为一个单独的序列返回
import itertools
for each in itertools.chain('how', 'are', 'you'):
print each
输出结果:
h
o
w
a
r
e
y
o
u
o
w
a
r
e
y
o
u
itertools.combinations(iterable, r) :返回指定长度的"组合"
import itertools
for each in itertools.combinations('abca', 2):
print each
输出结果:
('a', 'b')
('a', 'c')
('a', 'a')
('b', 'c')
('b', 'a')
('c', 'a')
('a', 'c')
('a', 'a')
('b', 'c')
('b', 'a')
('c', 'a')
itertools.combinations_with_replacement(iterable, r):返回指定长度的“组合”,组合内元素可重复
import itertools
for each in itertools.combinations_with_replacement('abca', 2):
print each
输出结果:
('a', 'a')
('a', 'b')
('a', 'c')
('a', 'a')
('b', 'b')
('b', 'c')
('b', 'a')
('c', 'c')
('c', 'a')
('a', 'a')
('a', 'b')
('a', 'c')
('a', 'a')
('b', 'b')
('b', 'c')
('b', 'a')
('c', 'c')
('c', 'a')
('a', 'a')
itertools.product(*iterable[,repeat]):返回指定长度的所有组合,可理解为笛卡尔乘积
import itertools
for each in itertools.product('ab', repeat=3):
print each
输出结果:
('a', 'a', 'a')
('a', 'a', 'b')
('a', 'b', 'a')
('a', 'b', 'b')
('b', 'a', 'a')
('b', 'a', 'b')
('b', 'b', 'a')
('b', 'b', 'b')
('a', 'a', 'b')
('a', 'b', 'a')
('a', 'b', 'b')
('b', 'a', 'a')
('b', 'a', 'b')
('b', 'b', 'a')
('b', 'b', 'b')
itertools.premutations(iteravle[,r]):返回长度为r的排列
import itertools
for value in itertools.permutations('abc', 2):
print value
输出结果:
('a', 'b')
('a', 'c')
('b', 'a')
('b', 'c')
('c', 'a')
('c', 'b')
('a', 'c')
('b', 'a')
('b', 'c')
('c', 'a')
('c', 'b')
itertools.compress(data,selector):返回selector为True的data对应元素
输出结果:
import itertools
for each in itertools.compress('abcdef', [1, 0, 1, 0,1,1]):
print each
输出结果:
a
c
e
f
c
e
f
itertools.count(start=?,step=?):返回以start开始,step递增的序列,无限递增
import itertools
for each in itertools.count(start=0, step=2):
if each < 100:
print each
输出结果:
0
2
4
2
4
...
98
itertools.cycle(iterable):将迭代器进行无限迭代
import itertools
for each in itertools.cycle('abc'):
print each
a
b
c
a
b
c
...
b
c
a
b
c
...
itertools.dropwhile(predicate, iterable):直到predicate为真,就返回iterable后续数据, 否则drop掉
import itertools for each in itertools.dropwhile(lambda x: x<5, [1,2,4,7,5,6]): print each
输出结果:
7
5
6
5
6
itertools.takewhile(predicate,iterable):如果predicate为真,则返回iterable元素,如果为假则不再返回,break.
import itertools
for value in itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x < 5, [1,2,4,7,5,6]):
print value
输出结果:
1
2
2
4
itertools.groupby(iterable[,key]):返回一组(key,itera),key为iterable的值,itera为等于key的所有项
import itertools
for key, vale in itertools.groupby('aabbbcc'):
print key, list(vale)
输出结果:
a ['a', 'a']
b ['b', 'b', 'b']
c ['c', 'c']
b ['b', 'b', 'b']
c ['c', 'c']
itertools.ifilter(predicate, iterable):返回predicate结果为True的元素迭代器,如果predicate为None,则返回所有iterable中为True的项 ,即:过滤掉符合要求的iterable
import itertools
for value in itertools.ifilter(lambda x: x % 3, range(10)):
print value
输出结果:
1
2
4
5
7
8
2
4
5
7
8
itertools.ifilterfasle(predicate,iterable):返回predicate为False的元素,如果predicate为None,则返回所有iterable中为False的项
import itertools
for value in itertools.ifilterfalse(lambda x: x % 3, range(10)):
print value
输出结果:
0
3
6
9
3
6
9
itertools.imap(function,*iterables):相当于迭代器方式的map()
import itertools
for value in itertools.imap(lambda x, y: x+y, (10,20,30), (4,5,6)):
print value
输出结果:
14
25
36
25
36
itertools.islice(iterable, start,stop[,step]):相当于迭代器方式的切片操作
import itertools
for value in itertools.islice('abcdefg',0,7,2):
print value
输出结果:
a
c
e
g
c
e
g
itertools.repeat(object,[,times]):不停的返回object对象,如果指定了times,则返回times次
import itertools
for value in itertools.repeat('abbb',4):
print value
输出结果:
abbb
abbb
abbb
abbb
abbb
abbb
abbb
itertools.starmap(function,iterable):返回function(iter)的值,iter为iterable的元素
import itertools
for value in itertools.starmap(lambda x, y: x * y, [(1, 2), (3, 4)]):
print value
输出结果:
3
12
12