4.脏读。

1. 对于对象的同步和异步的方法，在设计程序的时候一定要考虑问题的整体性，不然会出现数据不一致的错误，经典的就是脏读。
2.   在对对象加锁的时候，要考虑业务的整体性，及为setValue/getVaule方法同时加锁synchronized关键字，保证业务的原子性，不然会出现错误。
3. public class DirtyRead {
4.  
5.    private String username = "fdfdf";
6.    private String password = "123456";
7.   
8.    public synchronized void setValue(String username, String password){
9.       this.username = username;
10.      
11.       try {
12.          Thread.sleep(2000);
13.       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
14.          e.printStackTrace();
15.       }
16.      
17.       this.password = password;
18.      
19.       System.out.println("setValue最终结果：username = " + username + " , password = " + password);
20.    }
21.   
22.    public  void getValue(){
23.       System.out.println("getValue方法得到：username = " + this.username + " , password = " + this.password);
24.    }
25.   
26.   
27.    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
28.      
29.       final DirtyRead dr = new DirtyRead();
30.       Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
31.          @Override
32.          public void run() {
33.             dr.setValue("z3", "456");   
34.          }
35.       });
36.       t1.start();
37.       Thread.sleep(1000);
38.      
39.       dr.getValue();
40.    }
41.   
42.   
43.   
44. }
45. 输出结果：
46. getValue方法得到：username = z3 , password = 123456
47. setValue最终结果：username = z3 , password = 456
48.  
49.  
50. public class DirtyRead {
51.  
52.    private String username = "fdfdf";
53.    private String password = "123456";
54.   
55.    public synchronized void setValue(String username, String password){
56.       this.username = username;
57.      
58.       try {
59.          Thread.sleep(2000);
60.       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
61.          e.printStackTrace();
62.       }
63.      
64.       this.password = password;
65.      
66.       System.out.println("setValue最终结果：username = " + username + " , password = " + password);
67.    }
68.    加上synchronized关键字
69.    public synchronized void getValue(){
70.       System.out.println("getValue方法得到：username = " + this.username + " , password = " + this.password);
71.    }
72.   
73.   
74.    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
75.      
76.       final DirtyRead dr = new DirtyRead();
77.       Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
78.          @Override
79.          public void run() {
80.             dr.setValue("z3", "456");   
81.          }
82.       });
83.       t1.start();
84.       Thread.sleep(1000);
85.      
86.       dr.getValue();
87.    }
88.   
89.   
90.   
91. }
92. 输出结果：
93. setValue最终结果：username = z3 , password = 456
94. getValue方法得到：username = z3 , password = 456