Servlet基本操作

Servlet执行流程

1. 用户请求

<a href="sevlet/HelloServlet">

3. 在web.xml中寻找与之对应的url地址

<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>HelloServlet<servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/servlet/HelloServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

3. 在servlet标签寻找与之对应的处理类

<servlet>
	<servlet-name>HelloServlet<servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

4. 根据用户提交的请求方式get/post取执行这个类中的doGet()/doPost()方法

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
	@ Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		......
	}
	......
}

Servlet生命周期

1. 初始化阶段，调用init()方法
2. 响应客户请求阶段，调用service()方法，由service()方法根据提交方式get/post选择执行doGet()或doPost()方法
3. 终止阶段，调用destroy()方法

Tomcat装载servlet的三种情况：

• Servlet容器启动时自动装载某些Servlet，即创建Servlet实例并调用init()方法，需在web.xml文件中添加代码：<loadon-startup>1</loadon-startup>，数字越小优先级越高
• Servlet容器启动后，客户端首次向Servlet发送请求
• Servlet类文件被更新后，重新装载Servlet

Servlet与jsp内置对象关系

Servlet获取表单数据

// 表单
<form action="servlet/RegServlet" method="post">
	<label>用户名</label>
	<input type="text" name="username" />
	<label>密码</label>
	<input type="password" name="username" />
	<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>

// 实体类
package entity;
public class Users {
	private String username;    // 用户名
	private String password;    // 密码
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String setUsername() {
		retrun this.username;
	}
	public String setPassword() {
		retrun this.password;
	}
}

// 处理用户信息的servlet类
package servlet;
public class RegServlet extends HttpServlet {
	......
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		Users user = new Users();
		String username, password;
		try {
			username = request.getParameter("username");
			password = request.getParameter("password");
			user.setUsername(username);
			user.setPassword(password);
			request.getRequestDispatcher("../forward.jsp").forward(request, response);
		} catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	......
}