Centos 安装 php运行环境

1、准备工作

1-1、选择目录

# 切换目录
cd /usr/local/src

安装包请都下载在/usr/local目录下

1-2、安装相关依赖

yum install gcc-c++
yum install pcre pcre-devel
yum install zlib zlib-devel
yum install openssl openssl--devel
yum install -y wget

---

2、Nginx

2-1、安装

# 安装Nginx
yum install nginx

2-2、配置

# 切换到nginx配置目录
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
# 新建一个配置文件
vim default.conf

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
	
    root   /var/www/html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    charset utf-8;
    
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;
    error_log   /var/log/nginx/error.log;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /var/www;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ \.php {
        fastcgi_pass                  127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index                 /index.php;
        fastcgi_split_path_info       ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO       $fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include                       fastcgi_params;
    }	
}

# 查看版本
nginx -v

# 检测配置文件
nginx -t

# 启动 .service 可以省略
systemctl start nginx.service 
# service nginx start

# 停止
systemctl stop nginx
# service nginx stop

# 重启
systemctl restart nginx
# service nginx restart

# 热启动
systemctl reload nginx

# 设置开启启动
systemctl enable nginx

# 取消开机启动
systemctl disable nginx

# 查看服务状态
systemctl status nginx

# 查看进程
ps -aux | grep nginx

---

3、php

本次使用的是rpm安装，非编译安装，编译安装可以参考官方文档：PHP Unix安装

3-1、安装

# 首先安装epel-release 升级软件包
yum install epel-release
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

# 安装php7.2 fpm cli
yum install php72w-fpm php72w-opcache php72w-cli

# 启动
systemctl start php-fpm

# 设置开机启动
systemctl enable php-fpm

# 查看版本
php -v

# 查看相关扩展
php -m

# 启动php-fpm服务并加入开机自启动
systemctl enable php-fpm.service
systemctl restart php-fpm.service

3-2、配置

# 查看相关文件
whereis php

# 常规配置
vim /etc/php.ini

memory_limit //内存使用
error_reporting //错误级别
post_max_size //post 最大限制
upload_max_filesize //上传最大限制

# session多服务器共享一般配置存在reids
session.save_handler = redis
session.save_path = "tcp://127.0.0.1:6379"

# 扩展安装 先查看需要的扩展
yum search php72

# 常规需要安装的扩展
yum install php72w-pdo php72w-mysql php72w-mbstring php72w-gd

# reids 扩展
yum install php-redis

修改完php.ini文件，记得重启：

# 启动
systemctl start php-fpm
# 停止
systemctl stop php-fpm
# 重启
systemctl restart php-fpm

---

4、mysql

# 进入安装包目录(安装在了用户目录)
cd ~

#v 下载yum源rpm包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

# 安装rpm包
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

# 安装mysql
yum install -y mysql-server

# 启动服务 设置开机启动
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld

修改登陆密码
MySQL从5.7开始不允许首次安装后，使用空密码进行登录，系统会随机生成一个密码以供管理员首次登录使用，这个密码记录在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中，使用下面的命令可以查看此密码：

# 最后一行冒号后面的部分就是初始密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep 'A temporary password'

# 进入mysql 输入密码
mysql -u root -p

# 修改密码：
# 初始密码：在默认密码的长度最小值为4，大/小写字母各一个 + 阿拉伯数字一个 + 特殊字符一个
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'your_password';

# 退出mysql
exit;

---

5、composer

注：在下载composer前需要先检查php的OpenSSL是否已安装

5-1、下载composer.phar文件

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

5-2、将composer.phar移动到环境变量中并且更名为composer

mv composer.phar  /usr/local/bin/composer

5-3、切换镜像

# 中国镜像
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com
# 阿里镜像
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/
# 解除镜像并恢复到 packagist 官方源
composer config -g --unset repos.packagist

5-4、兼容php7.2

composer global require "fxp/composer-asset-plugin:^1.4.1"

检查是否成功安装

composer -V

ps：如果出现Do not run Composer as root/super user! 请切换用户运行

---

6、git

yum -y install git

---

7、crontab

# 安装
yum install crontabs
# 启动服务
service crond start
# 加入开机自动启动
chkconfig crond on

---

参考资料：
[1]:https://blog.csdn.net/whb181675232/article/details/84590737
[2]:https://www.php.net/manual/zh/install.unix.nginx.php
[3]:https://www.jianshu.com/p/333935b92caa