项目场景:
在项目banner轮播图组件中,处理遇到轮播的图片尺寸不一致的场景。
问题描述
轮播图上传的尺寸不一致时,通过canvas获取轮播图中每个图片的平均色值,然后把图片没有覆盖到的部分,用获取到的色值通过css渐变色来填充,使轮播图整体效果无缝衔接。
借助Canvas的ctx.getImageData方法。
分一下几个步骤:
- 将图片绘制到一个canvas元素上
- 获取图像所有的rgba像素点
- 取某个区域颜色的均值,并找出这个区域最接近均值的rgba颜色,作为该区域的主色
var imgSrc = "XXXXX"
const imgEle = document.createElement('img')
const canvas = document.createElement('canvas')
imgEle.src = imgSrc
imgEle.onload = () => {
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var naturalImgSize = [imgEle.naturalWidth, imgEle.naturalHeight];
canvas.width = naturalImgSize[0];
canvas.height = naturalImgSize[1];
//绘制到canvas
ctx.drawImage(imgEle, 0, 0);
//获取imageData:rgba像素点
var imgData = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
const leftSectionData = []
const rightSectionData = []
const oneLineImgDataLen = canvas.width * 4;
imgData.data.forEach((colorVal, i) => {
if (i % onelineImgDataLen <= 0.5 * onelineImgDataLen || i % onelineImgDataLen >= 0.6 * onelineImgDataLen) {
const inLeft = i % onelineImgDataLen <= 0.5 * onelineImgDataLen
if (i % 4 === 0) {
// 获取rgb均值
const curAverageRGB = (imgData.data[i] + imgData.data[i + 1] + imgData.data[i + 2]) / 3;
let leftOrRightRef = inLeft ? leftSectionData : rightSectionData;
//每个数组里存四个值:本颜色值中的r、g、b的均值,以及r、g、b三个值。
//均值一方面用于累加计算本区域的整体均值,然后再跟每个均值对比拿到与整体均值最接近的项的索引,再取该数组里的后三个值:rgb,对应着颜色
leftOrRightRef[leftOrRightRef.length] = [curAverageRGB, imgData.data[i], imgData.data[i + 1], imgData.data[i + 2]]
}
}
})
//generate average rgb
const averageOfLeft = Math.round(leftSectionData.reduce((_cur, item) => {
return _cur + item[0]
}, 0) / leftSectionData.length)
const averageOfRight = Math.round(rightSectionData.reduce((_cur, item) => {
return _cur + item[0]
}, 0) / rightSectionData.length)
//find the most near color
const findNearestIndex = (averageVal, arrBox) => {
let _gapValue = Math.abs(averageVal - arrBox[0])
let _nearColorIndex = 0
arrBox.forEach((item, index) => {
const curGapValue = Math.abs(item - averageVal)
if (curGapValue < _gapValue) {
_gapValue = curGapValue
_nearColorIndex = index
}
})
return _nearColorIndex
}
const leftNearestColor = leftSectionData[findNearestIndex(averageOfLeft, leftSectionData)]
const rightNearestColor = rightSectionData[findNearestIndex(averageOfRight, rightSectionData)]
console.log(leftNearestColor,rightNearestColor)
}
取到颜色,实现元素的渐变:
element.style.backgroundImage = `url("XXXX"),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(${leftNearestColor[1]},${leftNearestColor[2]},${leftNearestColor[3]},1) 0%,rgba(${rightNearestColor[1]},${rightNearestColor[2]},${rightNearestColor[3]},1) 100%`
部分效果: