【5】Postman之动态变量

在发送请求的时候，我们需要用到随机数，例如：请求的参数是随机的邮箱，随机的字符，随机的图片等...那这种情况，我们如何做到随机生成值呢？哈哈哈哈，postman内置了一些随机变量。

接下来分为两部分，第一部分：随机变量有哪些。第二部分：如何使用。

第一部分：官方文档：https://learning.getpostman.com/docs/postman/variables-and-environments/variables-list/

针对里面随机变量的中文解释（哈哈哈哈哈....）以下文档从简书中某位大佬中摘取。

随机唯一性字符串

这些是唯一性很强的字符串，对于一些有唯一限制的内容可以使用这些值来填充。

Variable Name	Description	Examples
$guid	uuid-v4 风格的 guid，随机性非常强	"611c2e81-2ccb-42d8-9ddc-2d0bfa65c1b4"
		"3a721b7f-7dc9-4c45-9777-516942b98e0d"
		"22eca807-006b-47df-9511-e92e37f5071a"
$timestamp	时间戳	1562757107 , 1562757108 , 1562757109
$randomUUID	随机 36 位的 UUID	"6929bb52-3ab2-448a-9796-d6480ecad36b"
		"53151b27-034f-45a0-9f0a-d7b6075b67d0"

随机文字、字符串、颜色（码）

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomAlphaNumeric	1位随机字符或数字	6 , "y" , "z"
$randomBoolean	随机布尔值 (true/false)	true , false , false , true
$randomInt	1~1000 之间的随机整数	802 , 494 , 200
$randomColor	随机颜色单词	"red" , "fuchsia" , "grey"
$randomHexColor	随机颜色码	"#47594a" , "#431e48" , "#106f21"
$randomAbbreviation	随机缩写	SQL , PCI , JSON

随机网络标识和 IP 地址

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomIP	随机的 IPv4 地址	241.102.234.100 , 216.7.27.38
$randomIPV6	随机 IPv6 地址	dbe2:7ae6:119b:c161:1560:6dda:3a9b:90a9
		c482:23a4:ce4c:a668:7736:6cc5:b0b6:cc37
		c791:18d1:fbba:87d8:d929:22aa:5a0a:ac3d
$randomMACAddress	随机 MAC（物理）地址	33:d4:68:5f:b4:c7 , 1f:6e:db:3d:ed:fa
$randomPassword	由字母和数字组成的 15 位随机密码	t9iXe7COoDKv8k3 , QAzNFQtvR9cg2rq
$randomLocale	随机两位字母组成的语言代码 (ISO 639-1)	"ny" , "sr" , "si"
$randomUserAgent	随机用户代理	Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.9.8; rv:15.6) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/15.6.6
		Opera/10.27 (Windows NT 5.3; U; AB Presto/2.9.177 Version/10.00)
		Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:13.5) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/13.5.6
$randomProtocol	随机协议类型	"http" , "https"
$randomSemver	由数字组成的随机版本号	7.0.5 , 2.5.8 , 6.4.9

随机姓名（英文）

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomFirstName	随机的名字（英文）	Ethan , Chandler , Megane
$randomLastName	随机姓氏（英文）	Schaden , Schneider , Willms
$randomFullName	随机全名（名字 姓氏）	Connie Runolfsdottir , Sylvan Fay , Jonathon Kunze
$randomNamePrefix	随机称呼	Dr. , Ms. , Mr.
$randomNameSuffix	随机姓名后缀	I , MD , DDS

职业

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomJobArea	随机工作范围	Mobility , Intranet , Configuration
$randomJobDescriptor	随机职业等级	Forward , Corporate , Senior
$randomJobTitle	随机工作标题	International Creative Liaison ,
		Product Factors Officer ,
		Future Interactions Executive
$randomJobType	随机工作类型	Supervisor , Manager , Coordinator

随机电话号码、区域、地址

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomPhoneNumber	随机 10 位数字电话号码	700-008-5275 , 494-261-3424 , 662-302-7817
$randomPhoneNumberExt	随机扩展号码（包含区号）	27-199-983-3864 , 99-841-448-2775
$randomCity	随机城市名称	Spinkahaven , Korbinburgh , Lefflerport
$randomStreetName	随机街道名称	Kuhic Island , General Street , Kendrick Springs
$randomStreetAddress	随机街道地址	5742 Harvey Streets , 47906 Wilmer Orchard
$randomCountry	随机国家名称	Lao People's Democratic Republic , Kazakhstan , Austria
$randomCountryCode	随机两位字符的国家编码 (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2)	CV , MD , TD
$randomLatitude	随机纬度	55.2099 , 27.3644 , -84.7514
$randomLongitude	随机精度	40.6609 , 171.7139 , -159.9757

随机图片

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomImage	随机图片地址	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/technics
		http://lorempixel.com/640/480/food
		http://lorempixel.com/640/480/business
$randomAvatarImage	随机头像图片	https://s3.amazonaws.com/uifaces/faces/twitter/johnsmithagency/128.jpg
		https://s3.amazonaws.com/uifaces/faces/twitter/xadhix/128.jpg
		https://s3.amazonaws.com/uifaces/faces/twitter/martip07/128.jpg
$randomImageUrl	随机图片地址	http://lorempixel.com/640/480
$randomAbstractImage	随机头像缩略图	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/abstract
$randomAnimalsImage	随机动物图片地址	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/animals
$randomBusinessImage	随机股票业务图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/business
$randomCatsImage	随机猫图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/cats
$randomCityImage	随机城市图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/city
$randomFoodImage	随机食物图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/food
$randomNightlifeImage	随机夜生活图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/nightlife
$randomFashionImage	随机时尚图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/fashion
$randomPeopleImage	随机人物图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/people
$randomNatureImage	随机自然风景图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/nature
$randomSportsImage	随机运动图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/sports
$randomTechnicsImage	随机科技图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/technics
$randomTransportImage	随机交通工具图片	http://lorempixel.com/640/480/transport
$randomImageDataUri	随机图片的 data 数据	data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20baseProfile%3D%22full%22%20width%3D%22undefined%22%20height%3D%22undefined%22%3E%20%3Crect%20width%3D%22100%25%22%20height%3D%22100%25%22%20fill%3D%22grey%22%2F%3E%20%20%3Ctext%20x%3D%220%22%20y%3D%2220%22%20font-size%3D%2220%22%20text-anchor%3D%22start%22%20fill%3D%22white%22%3Eundefinedxundefined%3C%2Ftext%3E%20%3C%2Fsvg%3E

随机金融类数据

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomBankAccount	随机的8位数字银行帐号	09454073 , 65653440 , 75728757
$randomBankAccountName	随机的银行帐户名称(e.g. savings account, checking account)	Home Loan Account , Checking Account , Auto Loan Account
$randomCreditCardMask	随机屏蔽的信用卡号	3622 , 5815 , 6257
$randomBankAccountBic	随机银行识别码 (Bank Identifier Code)	EZIAUGJ1 , KXCUTVJ1 , DIVIPLL1
$randomBankAccountIban	随机 15-31位的国际银行帐号 (International Bank Account Number)	MU20ZPUN3039684000618086155TKZ
		BR7580569810060080800805730W2
		XK241602002200395017
$randomTransactionType	随机交易类型 (e.g. invoice, payment, deposit)	invoice , payment , deposit
$randomCurrencyCode	随机的 3 位字母的货币代码 (ISO-4217)	CDF , ZMK , GNF
$randomCurrencyName	随机货币名称	CFP Franc , Cordoba Oro , Pound Sterling
$randomCurrencySymbol	随机货币标志	$ , £
$randomBitcoin	随机比特币地址	3VB8JGT7Y4Z63U68KGGKDXMLLH5
		1GY5TL5NEX3D1EA0TCWPLGVPQF5EAF
		14IIEXV2AKZAHSCY2KNYP213VRLD

随机商业数据

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomCompanyName	随机公司名称	Johns - Kassulke , Grady LLC
$randomCompanySuffix	随机公司后缀(e.g. Inc, LLC, Group)	Inc , LLC , Group
$randomBs	随机商业用语	killer leverage schemas ,
		bricks-and-clicks deploy markets ,
		world-class unleash platforms
$randomBsAdjective	随机商业形容词用语	viral , 24/7 , 24/365
$randomBsBuzz	随机商业流行词	repurpose , harness , transition
$randomBsNoun	随机商业名词	e-services , markets , interfaces

随机警句（标语）

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomCatchPhrase	随机名言警句	Future-proofed heuristic open architecture ,
		Quality-focused executive toolset ,
		Grass-roots real-time definition
$randomCatchPhraseAdjective	随机流行语形容词	Self-enabling , Business-focused , Down-sized
$randomCatchPhraseDescriptor	随机流行描述符号	bandwidth-monitored , needs-based , homogeneous
$randomCatchPhraseNoun	随机生成给一个流行名词	secured line , superstructure , installation

随机数据库相关数据

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomDatabaseColumn	随机数据库列名	updatedAt , token , group
$randomDatabaseType	随机数据库类型	tinyint , text
$randomDatabaseCollation	随机数据库排序规则	cp1250_bin , utf8_general_ci , cp1250_general_ci
$randomDatabaseEngine	随机数据库引擎	MyISAM , InnoDB , Memory

随机日期

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomDateFuture	随机未来时间	Tue Mar 17 2020 13:11:50 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) ,
		Fri Sep 20 2019 23:51:18 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) ,
		Thu Nov 07 2019 19:20:06 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time)
$randomDatePast	随机过去时间	Sat Mar 02 2019 09:09:26 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) ,
		Sat Feb 02 2019 00:12:17 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) ,
		Thu Jun 13 2019 03:08:43 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time)
$randomDateRecent	随机近期时间	Tue Jul 09 2019 23:12:37 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) ,
		Wed Jul 10 2019 15:27:11 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time) ,
		Wed Jul 10 2019 01:28:31 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time)
$randomWeekday	随机星期几	Thursday , Friday , Monday
$randomMonth	随机月份	February , May , January

随机域名、电子邮件和用户名

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomDomainName	随机完整域名	gracie.biz , armando.biz , trevor.info
$randomDomainSuffix	随机顶级域名	org , net , com
$randomDomainWord	随机不合法域名	gwen , jaden , donnell
$randomEmail	随机电子邮箱地址	Pablo62@gmail.com , Ruthe42@hotmail.com , Iva.Kovacek61@hotmail.com
$randomExampleEmail	随机电子邮箱地址，域名为example	Talon28@example.com , Quinten_Kerluke45@example.net , Casey81@example.net
$randomUserName	随机用户名	Jarrell.Gutkowski , Lottie.Smitham24 , Alia99
$randomUrl	随机 URL 地址	https://anais.net , https://tristin.net , http://jakob.name

随机文件名和目录

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomFileName	随机文件名 (包括不常用的扩展名)	neural_sri_lanka_rupee_gloves.gdoc ,
		plastic_awesome_garden.tif ,
		incredible_ivory_agent.lzh
$randomFileType	随机文件类型 (包括不常用的文件类型)	model , application , video
$randomFileExt	随机文件扩展名 (包括不常见的文件扩展名)	war , book , fsc
$randomCommonFileName	随机文件名	well_modulated.mpg4 ,
		rustic_plastic_tuna.gif ,
		checking_account_end_to_end_robust.wav
$randomCommonFileType	随机常见文件类型	application , audio
$randomCommonFileExt	随机常见文件扩展名	m2v , wav , png
$randomFilePath	随机文件路径	/home/programming_chicken.cpio ,
		/usr/obj/fresh_bandwidth_monitored_beauty.onetoc ,
		/dev/css_rustic.pm
$randomDirectoryPath	随机目录路径	/usr/bin , /root , /usr/local/bin
$randomMimeType	随机 MIME 类型（header 中的 content-type 会用到）	audio/vnd.vmx.cvsd ,
		application/vnd.groove-identity-message ,
		application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template

随机物料（库存、商品等）

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomPrice	随机生成 100.00 ~ 999.00 之间的价格	531.55 , 488.76 , 511.56
$randomProduct	随机商品	Towels , Pizza , Pants
$randomProductAdjective	随机商品形容词	Unbranded , Incredible , Tasty
$randomProductMaterial	随机商品材料	Steel , Plastic , Frozen
$randomProductName	随机商品名称	Handmade Concrete Tuna , Refined Rubber Hat
$randomDepartment	随机商业分类	Tools , Movies , Electronics

基于英语语法的随机数据

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomNoun	随机名词	matrix , bus , bandwidth
$randomVerb	随机动词	parse , quantify , navigate
$randomIngverb	随机带 "-ing" 的动词	synthesizing , navigating , backing up
$randomAdjective	随机形容词	auxiliary , multi-byte , back-end
$randomWord	随机单词	withdrawal , infrastructures , IB
$randomWords	一些随机单词构成的字符串	Samoa Synergistic sticky copying Grocery ,
		Corporate Springs ,
		Christmas Island Ghana Quality
$randomPhrase	随机短语	You can't program the monitor without navigating the mobile XML program! ,
		overriding the capacitor won't do anything, we need to compress the optical SMS transmitter! ,
		I'll generate the virtual AI program, that should microchip the RAM monitor!

随机的文本内容

Variable Name	Decription	Examples
$randomLoremWord	随机单词	est
$randomLoremWords	随机单词构成的短语	vel repellat nobis
$randomLoremSentence	随机单词构成的句子	Molestias consequuntur nisi non quod.
$randomLoremSentences	随机 2~6 条句子构成的段落	Et sint voluptas similique iure amet perspiciatis vero sequi atque. Ut porro sit et hic. Neque aspernatur vitae fugiat ut dolore et veritatis. Ab iusto ex delectus animi. Voluptates nisi iusto. Impedit quod quae voluptate qui.
$randomLoremParagraph	随机单词构成的一段话	Ab aliquid odio iste quo voluptas voluptatem dignissimos velit. Recusandae facilis qui commodi ea magnam enim nostrum quia quis. Nihil est suscipit assumenda ut voluptatem sed. Esse ab voluptas odit qui molestiae. Rem est nesciunt est quis ipsam expedita consequuntur.
$randomLoremParagraphs	随机单词构成的 3 个段落	Voluptatem rem magnam aliquam ab id aut quaerat. Placeat provident possimus voluptatibus dicta velit non aut quasi. Mollitia et aliquam expedita sunt dolores nam consequuntur. Nam dolorum delectus ipsam repudiandae et ipsam ut voluptatum totam. Nobis labore labore recusandae ipsam quo.
		Voluptatem occaecati omnis debitis eum libero. Veniam et cum unde. Nisi facere repudiandae error aperiam expedita optio quae consequatur qui. Vel ut sit aliquid omnis. Est placeat ducimus. Libero voluptatem eius occaecati ad sint voluptatibus laborum provident iure.
		Autem est sequi ut tenetur omnis enim. Fuga nisi dolor expedita. Ea dolore ut et a nostrum quae ut reprehenderit iste. Numquam optio magnam omnis architecto non. Est cumque laboriosam quibusdam eos voluptatibus velit omnis. Voluptatem officiis nulla omnis ratione excepturi.
$randomLoremText	随机单词构成的文本	Quisquam asperiores exercitationem ut ipsum. Aut eius nesciunt. Et reiciendis aut alias eaque. Nihil amet laboriosam pariatur eligendi. Sunt ullam ut sint natus ducimus. Voluptas harum aspernatur soluta rem nam.
$randomLoremSlug	随机单词构成的 URL 部分	eos-aperiam-accusamus , beatae-id-molestiae , qui-est-repellat
$randomLoremLines	由随机单词构成的 1~5 行数据（用回车符分隔）	Ducimus in ut mollitia.\nA itaque non.\nHarum temporibus nihil voluptas.\nIste in sed et

补充：如果上面的例子不满足你的要求，你想从某些字符中生成一个字符串。

function getRadomNum(capacity){

//chars中是你要想要的字符的数组
   var chars = ['0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z'];
   var res = "";
   for(var i = 0; i < capacity ; i ++) {
      var id = Math.ceil(Math.random()*chars.length-1);
      res += chars[id];
   }
   return res;
}

//随机的1-10位数
var name = getRadomNum( Math.ceil(Math.random()*10))

第二部分：使用

在请求时，直接传{{$randomEmail}} 注意：一定不能有空格，错误示范：{{$  randomEmail}}

备注：如果使用动态变量，每次请求都会生成一个新的。

例如：你请求时邮箱是随机邮箱，然后将邮箱设置为全局变量后，下次取邮箱，仍然是一个新的随机邮箱。取不到上述的邮箱。