Selenium WebDriver原理（二）：Selenium是如何操纵浏览器的？

前言

上一篇文章《selenium webdriver 是怎么运行的》用了一个简单的例子——搭出租车，形象地讲解selenium webdriver 是如何运行的，而这一篇文章可以理解为深入了解selenium是如何和浏览器驱动进行交互，也可以认为是乙醇老师写的《selenium是如何启动浏览器的》 文章的2.0版本 。

环境准备：

python 3.0以上
selenium 3.0以上
浏览器 Chrome
浏览器驱动 ChromeDriver
接口测试工具

小编的环境：

python 3.6.4
selenium 3.13
浏览器 ：Chrome 68
浏览器驱动： ChromeDriver 2.38
接口测试工具：python requests

首先，我们运行下述代码块

#encoding:utf8
from selenium import webdriver
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
dr = webdriver.Chrome()
dr.implicitly_wait(10)
#打开深圳-逸遥 博客园首页
dr.get('https://www.cnblogs.com/snailrunning')
#定位深圳-逸遥 第一篇博文标题
el = dr.find_element_by_css_selector('.postTitle a')
#点击第一篇博文标题
el.click()

运行结果：

DEBUG:selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection:
POST http://127.0.0.1:4102/session 
{"capabilities": {"firstMatch": [{}], "alwaysMatch": {"browserName":     "chrome", "platformName": "any", "goog:chromeOptions": {"extensions": [], "args": []}}}, 
 "desiredCapabilities": {"browserName": "chrome", "version": "", "platform": "ANY", "goog:chromeOptions": {"extensions": [], "args": []}}}
DEBUG:selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection:
b'{"sessionId":"7cbbff953318267ef0089dc66f127051",
   "status":0,
   "value":{"acceptInsecureCerts":false,"acceptSslCerts":false,"applicationCacheEnabled":false,"browserConnectionEnabled":false,"browserName":"chrome","chrome":{"chromedriverVersion":"2.38.552522 (437e6fbedfa8762dec75e2c5b3ddb86763dc9dcb)","userDataDir":"C:\\\\Users\\\\lenovo\\\\AppData\\\\Local\\\\Temp\\\\scoped_dir13812_4179"},"cssSelectorsEnabled":true,"databaseEnabled":false,"handlesAlerts":true,"hasTouchScreen":false,"javascriptEnabled":true,"locationContextEnabled":true,"mobileEmulationEnabled":false,"nativeEvents":true,"networkConnectionEnabled":false,"pageLoadStrategy":"normal","platform":"Windows NT","rotatable":false,"setWindowRect":true,"takesHeapSnapshot":true,"takesScreenshot":true,"unexpectedAlertBehaviour":"","version":"68.0.3440.106","webStorageEnabled":true}}'
DEBUG:selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection:Finished Request

DEBUG:selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection:
POST 
http://127.0.0.1:4102/session/7cbbff953318267ef0089dc66f127051/timeouts/implicit_wait 
{"ms": 10000.0, "sessionId": "7cbbff953318267ef0089dc66f127051"}
DEBUG:selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection:
b'{"sessionId":"7cbbff953318267ef0089dc66f127051","status":0,"value":null}'
DEBUG:selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection: