python(43): dbf文件读写，报错解决

一.前言：

网上有些使用dbfpy,dbfread库操作dbf文件的实例，个人对比了一些操作库，最终选用dbf库，因为

dbf库能完成增删改查操作且一直有更新所以使用此库进行封装

可视化操作软件：个人推荐DBFViewerPlus，比较快，而且打开大文件不卡顿

二.自己封装的dbf文件操作库

列定义

 

import dbf

class DbfHelper:
    def __init__(self, path, field_specs=None):
        """
        :param path:
        :param field_specs: 'name C(30); age N(3,0); birth D'
        field_specs 有内容时为新建（会覆盖已有文件），无内容时不会新建
        """
        self.table = dbf.Table(path, field_specs)
        self.table.open(mode=dbf.READ_WRITE)

    def append_data(self, data):
        """
        :param data: tuple or list : (('jjj',111,dbf.Date(2000,1,2),(),())
        :return:
        """
        for item in data:  # item must be tuple, dict, record, cant be list
            self.table.append(item)

    def add_fields(self,field_specs):
        """
        :param field_specs: 'name C(30); age N(3,0); birth D'
        :return:
        """
        self.table.add_fields(field_specs)

    def set_field_value(self, row, field, value):
        with self.table[row] as rd:
            setattr(rd, field, value)

    def set_value_by_index(self, row, col, value):
        with self.table[row] as rd:
            rd[col] = value

    def close(self):
        self.table.close()

    def get_field_names(self):
        return list(self.table.field_names)

    def convert_list_dict(self):
        field_nams = list(self.table.field_names)
        return [ dict(zip(field_nams,list(record))) for record in dd.table]

    def delete_fields(self,fields):
        """
        删除对应列及数据
        :param fields:
        :return:
        """
        self.table.delete_fields(fields)

    def delete(self,row):
        dbf.delete(self.table[row])
        self.table.pack()
    
    def get_field_names(self):
        return list(self.table.field_names)

    def get_field_specs(self):
        field_list = self.table.structure()
        return ';'.join(field_list)

    def get_row_data(self,index):
        return self.table[index][::]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    dd = DbfHelper('temptable11.dbf')
    data = [('John Doe', 31, dbf.Date(1979, 9,13)),('Ethan Furman', 102, dbf.Date(1909, 4, 1)),('Jane Smith', 57, dbf.Date(1954, 7, 2)),('John Adams', 44, dbf.Date(1967, 1, 9)),]
    # print(dd.table[2])
    # print(type(dd.table[2]))
    # print(dd.table[2].name)
    # dd.table[2].name = 'sdfsgdgb'
    # print(dd.table[2])
    # #dd.append_data(data)
    # #dd.append_data(data)
    # #dd.close()
    # #dd.add_fields('tt1 C(30); tt2 N(3,0)')
    # dd.close()

    for record in dd.table:
        print(record)


    # for record in dd.table:
    #     with record as red:
    #         red[0] = '12133111'
    #
    # with dd.table[0] as rd:
    #     rd[0] = 'skjdhfgbshdfhhs'
    #
    # print(dd.table[0])
    # print(getattr(dd.table[0], 'name'))
    # with dd.table[0] as rd:
    #     setattr(rd, 'name', 'eee')
    # print(dd.table[0])

    # for record in dd.table:
    #     print(record)

    #print(dd.convert_list_dict())

    #dd.table.delete_fields('TT1')

    #dd.table.pack()
    dbf.delete(dd.table[0])
    print("================================")
    dd.table.pack()
    for record in dd.table:
        print(record)

三.报错解决

3.1 ascii codec cant decode byte 0xd6 in position

解决：

codepage指定编码格式：
cp936 -- gb2312

import dbf

codepage_list = ['936', '437', ...]

tabel = dbf.Table('mydbf.dbf', codepage='cp{}'.format(codepage))

四.参考文档

官方：dbf · PyPI

Python Write value in dbf file - Stack Overflow