[MySQL]DQL-基础查询

/*DQL 数据查询语言*/
/*DQL语法
  select 字段列表
  from 表名列表
  where 条件列表
  group by 分组字段列表
  having 分组后条件列表
  order by 排序字段列表
  limit 分页参数
*/
use itcast;
alter table emp add workadress varchar(50);
insert into emp(id,workno,name,gender,age,idcard,workadress,enterdate)
values (1,'1','柳岩','女',20,'123456789012345678','北京','2000-01-01'),
       (2,'2','张无忌','男',18,'123456789012365670','北京','2005-09-01'),
        (3,'3','韦一笑','男',38,'123456789712345670','上海','2005-08-01'),
        (4,'4','赵敏','女',18,'123456757123845670','北京','2009-12-01'),
        (5,'5','小昭','女',16,'123656769012345678 ','上海','2007-07-01'),
        (6,'6','杨道','男',28,'12345678931234567X','北京','2006-01-01 '),
        (7,'7','范瑶','男',40,'123456789212345670','北京','2005-05-01'),
        (8,'8','然绮丝','女',38,'123456157123645670','天津','2015-05-01'),
        (9,'9','范凉凉','女',45,'123156789012345678','北京','2010-04-01'),
        (10,'10','陈友谅','男',53,'123456789012345670','上海','2011-01-01'),
        (11,'11','张士诚','男',55,'123567897123465670','江苏', '2015-05-01 '),
        (12,'12','常遇春','男',32,'123446757152345670','北京','2004-02-01'),
        (13,'13','张三丰','男',88,'123656789012345678','江苏','2020-11-01 '),
        (14,'14','灭绝','女',65,'123456719012345670','西安',' 2019-05-01 '),
        (15,'15','胡青牛','男',70,'12345674971234567X','西安','2018-04-01 '),
        (16,'16','周芷若','女',18,null,'北京','2012-06-01');
/*查询多个字段 select 字段1,字段2,... from 表名;或者 select * from* 表名;*/

/*查询指定字段name,workno,age*/
select name,workno,age from emp;

/*查询所有字段返回*/
select id,workno,name,gender,age,idcard,workadress,entrydate from emp;
select * from emp;/*尽量不要写，影响效率*/

/*设置别名 select 字段1 as 别名1,字段2 as 别名2...from 表名;*/

/*查询所有员工的工作地址，起别名*/
select workadress as '工作地址' from emp;/*as可以省略*/

/*查询公司员工的上班地址（不重复）*/
select distinct workadress '工作地址' from emp;