Java8 Stream流如何操作集合，一文带你了解！

一、基本介绍

• 概念：Stream是Java8 API的新成员，它允许以声明性的方式处理数据集合。
• 特点：1.代码简明：函数式编程写出的代码简洁且意图明确，是用stream接口让你从此告别for循环。2.多核友好：Java函数式编程使得编写并运行程序更简单，需要的都是调用方法
• 流程：1.把集合转换为stream 2.操作stream:stream流在管道中经过中间操作符的处理，最后由最终操作得到前面处理的结果

二、常用集合操作

-- 取出集合中对象的指定值-不去重
List<String> ageList=userList.stream().map(User::getAge).collect(Collectors.toList());

-- 取出集合中对象的指定值-并去重
List<String> ageDistinct=userList.stream().map(User::getAge).collect(Collectors.toList())
.stream().distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());

-- 取出对象中字段等于指定值的 数据
List<User> age12List=userList.stream().filter(user ->user.getAge().equals("12")).collect(Collectors.toList());

-- 以对象中的指定值分组
Map<String,List<User>> ageMap=userList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(User::getAge));

-- 以指定字段排序
List<User> sortAscUserList = userList.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(User::getAge)).collect(Collectors.toList());
List<User> sortDescUserList = userList.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(User::getAge).reversed()).collect(Collectors.toList());

-- 取出对象指定字段的最大值
int maxAge = userList.stream().mapToInt(user -> Integer.valueOf(user.getAge())).max().getAsInt();

-- List集合中Map对象
List<Map<String,String>> userList=new ArrayList<>();
Map<String,String> user1=new HashMap<>();
user1.put("name","A");user1.put("age","12");userList.add(user1);
Map<String,String> user2=new HashMap<>();
user2.put("name","B");user2.put("age","13");userList.add(user2);
Map<String,String> user3=new HashMap<>();
user3.put("name","B");user3.put("age","12");userList.add(user3);

List<String> ageList=userList.stream().map(user->user.get("age")).collect(Collectors.toList());

三、操作符

Java Stream的操作符可以分为中间操作符合终止操作符两种

3.1 中间操作符

流方法	含义
filter	用于通过设置的条件过滤元素
distinct	返回一个元素各异（根据元素流所生成元素的hashCode()和equals方法实现）的流
limit	返回一个不超过指定长度的流
skip	返回一个扔掉前n个元素的流
sort	返回排序后的流
map	返回由给定函数应用于此流的元素的结果组成的流

-- filter 
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg",null);
List<String> notNullList = list.stream().filter(str -> StringUtils.isNotBlank(str)).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(notNullList);
--输出[abc, ab, fg]

List<String> containsList = list.stream().filter(str -> StringUtils.isNotBlank(str) && str.contains("a")).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(containsList);
--输出[abc, ab]

-- distinct
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","ab");
List<String> distinctList = list.stream().distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(distinctList);
--输出[abc, ab]

-- limit
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","ab");
List<String> limitList = list.stream().limit(2).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(limitList);
--输出[abc, ab]

-- skip
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","ab");
List<String> limitList = list.stream().skip(2).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(limitList);
-- 输出 [ab]

-- sort
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("1","3","2");
List<String> sortList = list.stream().sorted().collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(sortList);
--输出[1, 2, 3]

-- map
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","ab");
List<String> mapList = list.stream().map(str->"case_"+str).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(mapList);
--输出[case_abc, case_ab, case_ab]

3.2 终止操作符

流方法	含义
anyMatch	集合中是否有一个元素满足条件
allMatch	集合中元素是否都满足条件
noneMatch	集合中元素是否都不满足条件
findFirst	返回流的第一个对象的Optional
collect	收集器 将流转换为其他形式
count	返回流元素个数

-- anyMatch
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg",null);
boolean flag = list.stream().anyMatch(str -> str == null);
System.out.println(flag);
-- 输出 true

-- allMatch
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg");
System.out.println(list.stream().allMatch(str -> str != null));
-- 输出 true

-- noneMatch
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg");
System.out.println(list.stream().noneMatch(str -> str == null));
-- 输出 true

-- findFirst
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg");
System.out.println(list.stream().findFirst().get());
-- 输出 abc

-- collect
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg");
List<String> collectList = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(collectList);
-- 输出 [abc, ab, , , fg]

-- count
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("abc","ab","","","fg");
System.out.println(list.stream().count());
-- 输出5
System.out.println(list.stream().filter(str-> StringUtils.isNotBlank(str)).count());
-- 输出3