String类的实现（写时拷贝）

#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;

class String
{
public:
	String(const char *str=nullptr)  
	{
		data = new char[strlen(str) + 4];
		data += 4;
		Getcount(data) = 1;
		strcpy_s(data,strlen(data), str);
	}
	String(const String& rh):data(rh.data)
	{
		++Getcount(data);
	}
	String& operator=( const String& rh)
	{
		if (this != &rh)
		{
			Release();
			data = rh.data;
			++Getcount(data);
		}
		return *this;
	}
	char& operator[](int index)
	{
		if (Getcount(data) > 1)
		{
			Release();
			char* str = new char[strlen(data) + 5];
			str += 4;
			strcpy_s(str, strlen(str),data);
			data = str;
			Getcount(data) = 1;
		}
		return data[index];
	}
	~String()
	{
		Release();
	}
	 
private:

	int& Getcount(char* str)
	{
		return*(int*)(data - 4);
	}
	void Release()
	{
		if (--Getcount(data) < 1)
		{
			delete[](data - 4);
			data = NULL;
		}
	}
	char* data;
};