MySQL大数据量 如何过滤掉重复数据

创建表数据

CREATE TABLE `animal` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;


INSERT INTO `pilipa_dds`.`student` (`id`, `name`, `age`) VALUES ('1', 'cat', '12');
INSERT INTO `pilipa_dds`.`student` (`id`, `name`, `age`) VALUES ('2', 'dog', '13');
INSERT INTO `pilipa_dds`.`student` (`id`, `name`, `age`) VALUES ('3', 'camel', '25');
INSERT INTO `pilipa_dds`.`student` (`id`, `name`, `age`) VALUES ('4', 'cat', '32');
INSERT INTO `pilipa_dds`.`student` (`id`, `name`, `age`) VALUES ('5', 'dog', '42');

先看看哪些数据重复了

SELECT name,count( 1 ) 
FROM
 student 
GROUP BY
NAME 
HAVING
 count( 1 ) > 1;

Select * From 表 Where 重复字段 In (Select 重复字段 From 表 Group By 重复字段 Having Count(1)>1)

直接删除会报错

DELETE 
FROM
student 
WHERE
NAME IN (
SELECT NAME 
FROM
 student 
GROUP BY
NAME 
HAVING
count( 1 ) > 1)

报错：

1093 - You can't specify target table 'student' for update in FROM clause, Time: 0.016000s

原因是：更新这个表的同时又查询了这个表，查询这个表的同时又去更新了这个表，可以理解为死锁。mysql不支持这种更新查询同一张表的操作

解决办法：把要更新的几列数据查询出来做为一个第三方表，然后筛选更新。

DELETE 
FROM
 student 
WHERE
 NAME IN (
 SELECT
  t.NAME 
FROM
 ( SELECT NAME FROM student GROUP BY NAME HAVING count( 1 ) > 1 ) t)

删除表中删除重复数据，仅保留一条
在删除之前，我们可以先查一下，我们要删除的重复数据是啥样的

SELECT
 * 
FROM
 student 
WHERE
 id NOT IN (
 SELECT
  t.id 
 FROM
 ( SELECT MIN( id ) AS id FROM student GROUP BY `name` ) t 
 )

啥意思呢，就是先通过name分组，查出id最小的数据，这些数据就是我们要留下的火种，那么再查询出id不在这里面的，就是我们要删除的重复数据。另外，关注Java知音公众号，回复“后端面试”，送你一份面试题宝典！

开始删除重复数据，仅留一条
很简单，刚才的select换成delete即可

DELETE 
FROM
 student 
WHERE
 id NOT IN (
 SELECT
  t.id 
 FROM
 ( SELECT MIN( id ) AS id FROM student GROUP BY `name` ) t 
 )