Mysql 学习

下载

Mysql 数据库的下载链接

注意：CenterOS 请选择 Red Hat 那一项！

安装

这里介绍的是 5.7 版本，安装包是 .rpm-bundle.tar 结尾的。

1. 创建 mysql-install 目录，用来上传下载好的 .tar 文件。

2. 查看 Cenos7 自带的 mariadb-lib，rpm -qa|grep mariadb

3. 有 mariadb-lib，执行卸载，rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

4. 安装 mysql-server 服务
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

5. 初始化数据库，mysqld --initialize #初始化后会在/var/log/mysqld.log生成随机密码

6. 修改mysql数据库目录的所属用户及其所属组，然后启动mysql数据库

   [root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R
   [root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# systemctl start mysqld.service
   [root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# systemctl status mysqld.service
   ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2018-08-06 20:41:25 CST; 6s ago
   Docs: man:mysqld(8)
   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
   Process: 13031 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Process: 13003 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 13034 (mysqld)
   Tasks: 27
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
   └─13034 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

   8月 06 20:41:22 eric111 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server…
   8月 06 20:41:25 eric111 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

7. 登录mysql，并修改root用户的密码（系统强制要求，否则不能操作mysql）

   [root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# mysql -uroot -p’-4iq<tyjVpLb’
   mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 2
   Server version: 5.7.23

   Copyright © 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.

   Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

   mysql> set password=password(‘123456’);
   Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
   mysql> flush privileges;
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

   mysql> show databases;
   ±-------------------+
   | Database |
   ±-------------------+
   | information_schema |
   | mysql |
   | performance_schema |
   | sys |
   ±-------------------+
   4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

8. 重启mysql服务，systemctl restart mysqld.service

9. 可能有些组件没有安装，解决如下。

   • 缺少 libaio，yum install libaio
   • 缺少 net-tools，yum install net-tools
   • 缺少 numactl，yum install numactl

修改

修改登录密码

> mysql> update user set host='%',authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root';
> Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
> Rows matched: 1  Changed: 0  Warnings: 1
> 
> mysql> flush privileges;
> Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
> 
> mysql>   

授权