《Python编程：从入门到实践》外星人入侵项目课后练习13-4

13-4：雨滴下落，一行碰到屏幕边缘时消失，并在屏幕顶端又出现一行新的雨滴，继续下落

用到的模块如下：

雨滴图片如下：

首先是一些基本设置，比如雨滴的下落速度、屏幕的长宽、准备产生几行雨滴等。
settings.py

class Settings():
    def __init__(self):
        self.screen_width = 1900
        self.screen_height = 1000
        self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230)  # 设置背景色，浅灰色
        self.drop_speed = 4
        self.row_num = 4

雨滴的一些基本设置，包括如何获取图片、雨滴位置初始化、雨滴位置更新、显示雨滴。
rain.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite


class Rain(Sprite):
    def __init__(self,settings,screen):
        super().__init__()
        self.settings = settings
        self.screen = screen

        self.image = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/Xin/PycharmProjects/alien_invasion/image/rain.jpg')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = self.rect.width
        self.rect.y = 0

        self.x = float(self.rect.x)
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)

    def update(self):
        self.y += self.settings.drop_speed

    def check_edge(self):
        if self.rect.top >= self.screen_rect.bottom:
            return True

    def biltme(self):
        self.screen.bilt(self.image,self.rect)

主要函数，包括 按位置产生一个雨滴、生成雨滴序列、更新雨滴位置、触碰到边缘的操作、显示雨滴位置。
game_function.py

import sys
import pygame
from rains.rain import Rain

def get_column(settings,screen):
    rain = Rain(settings,screen)
    available_space_x = settings.screen_width - 2 * rain.rect.width
    num_column = int (available_space_x / (2 * rain.rect.width))
    return num_column

def create_rain(settings,screen,num_rain_column,num_rain_row,rains):
    rain = Rain(settings,screen)
    rain.rect.x = rain.rect.width + 2 * num_rain_column * rain.rect.width
    rain.rect.y = rain.rect.height + 2 * num_rain_row * rain.rect.height
    rains.add(rain)

def create_rain_fleet(settings,screen,rains):
    num_columns = get_column(settings,screen)
    num_rows = settings.row_num
    for i in range(num_rows):
        for j in range(num_columns):
            create_rain(settings,screen,j,i,rains)

def update_rains(settings,rains):
    for rain in rains.sprites():
        rain.rect.y += settings.drop_speed

def check_fleet_edge(rains):
    #一旦接触到边缘，直接修改y的位置
    for rain in rains.sprites():
        if rain.check_edge():
            rain.rect.y = rain.rect.height
            break

def update_screen(settings,screen,rains):
    screen.fill(settings.bg_color)
    check_fleet_edge(rains)
    rains.draw(screen)
    pygame.display.flip()

def exit_game(event):
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
        sys.exit()

主文件。
start_rain.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Group
from rains.settings import Settings
import rains.game_function as gf


def run_game():
    settings = Settings()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((settings.screen_width,settings.screen_height))
    rains = Group()
    gf.create_rain_fleet(settings,screen,rains)

    while True:
        gf.update_rains(settings,rains)
        gf.update_screen(settings,screen,rains)
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            gf.exit_game(event)

run_game()