序列化和反序列化

概述

直接看代码

要序列化的对象

import java.io.Serializable;
/**
 * 序列化就是将对象以字节流的形式输出保存到本地或网络
 * 反序列化就是读取
 * 只有实现了Serializable接口的类才可以序列化
 */
public class Student implements Serializable {
//    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8735455341L;
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    transient private String school;
    private Student friend;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", school='" + school + '\'' +
                ", friend=" + friend +
                '}';
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getSchool() {
        return school;
    }

    public void setSchool(String school) {
        this.school = school;
    }

    public Student getFriend() {
        return friend;
    }

    public void setFriend(Student friend) {
        this.friend = friend;
    }

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, String name, String sex, String school, Student friend) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.school = school;
        this.friend = friend;
    }
}

序列化过程

import java.io.*;

public class SerializableDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        writeObj();
        readObj();
    }
    /**
     * 将JVM对象数据以对象形式转换成文件输出到硬盘来持久化
     */
    public static void writeObj() throws IOException {
        Student s= new Student(2015210890,"沈澍","男","nefu",null);
        Student s2= new Student(2010000000,"张三","男","nefu",null);
        s.setFriend(s2);
//        s2.setFriend(s);这句一定要注释掉，不然会发生循环引用，导致栈溢出！！！
        //new FileOutputStream(String destination)表明了要输出的目的地,没有的话会创建一个文件
        //再用ObjectOutputStream包装的作用是：
        //  An ObjectOutputStream writes primitive data types and graphs of Java objects to an OutputStream.
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("obj.txt"));
        oos.writeObject(s);//writeObject(Object obj)表明了jvm要序列化/持久化的对象
        oos.close();
    }
    /**
     * JVM读取文件数据并将数据转换成JVM对象
     */
    public static void readObj() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ObjectInputStream ois;
        ois=new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("obj.txt"));
        Object object=ois.readObject();//可能会出现ClassNotFoundException
        Student student=(Student)object;
        System.out.println("反序列化result:"+student);
    }
}

结果分析

反序列化result:Student{id=2015210890, name='沈澍', sex='男', school='null', friend=Student{id=2010000000, name='张三', sex='男', school='null', friend=null}}

ObjectOutputStream是序列化JVM对象的核心，
ObjectInputStream是反序列化JVM对象的核心。
可以看到“沈澍”的friend“张三”被序列化了，说明深复制的程度很彻底。
可以看到“沈澍”和“张三”的school=‘null’，说明被transient修饰的关键字没有被序列化，所以反序列化的时候默认为Null了。