WPF之Prism框架

置顶是这个韬呀

已于 2024-03-11 01:54:05 修改

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分类专栏： WPF 文章标签： wpf ui

于 2024-03-11 01:38:26 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37875849/article/details/136611557

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1.Region（区域管理）

在最常见的开发模式当中, 我们去设计某个页面的时候, 实际上界面元素在设计的时候已经被固定。
举个简单的例子,当我们去设计如下页面, 它包含Header、Menu、Content内容。

1.1定义Region

可以使用XAML或代码创建定义Region

XAML：

<Window
    x:Class="HT.PrismApp.Views.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"
    Width="525"
    Height="350"
    prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="True">
    <Grid ShowGridLines="True">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="50" />
            <RowDefinition />
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <ContentControl Grid.Row="0" prism:RegionManager.RegionName="HeaderRegion" />
        <Grid Grid.Row="1" ShowGridLines="True">
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="100" />
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ContentControl Grid.Column="0" prism:RegionManager.RegionName="MenuRegion" />
            <ContentControl Grid.Column="1" prism:RegionManager.RegionName="ContentRegion" />
        </Grid>
    </Grid>
</Window>

C#定义:RegionManager.SetRegionName("控件名","区域名称");

1.2注册区域视图

using HT.PrismApp.Views;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using Prism.Regions;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class MainWindowViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        public MainWindowViewModel(IRegionManager regionManager)
        {
            regionManager.RegisterViewWithRegion("HeaderRegion",typeof(HeaderView));
            regionManager.RegisterViewWithRegion("MenuRegion", typeof(MenuView));
            regionManager.RegisterViewWithRegion("ContentRegion", typeof(ContentView));
        }
    }
}

2.ViewModelLocator

在WPF当中,需要为View与ViewModel建立连接, 我们需要找到View的DataContext, 如下所示：

XAML的方式:

 <UserControl.DataContext>
        <.../>
 </UserControl.DataContext>

代码的方式:

    public partial class ViewA : UserControl
    {
        public ViewA()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.DataContext = null; //设定
        }
    }

在Prism当中, 你可以基于命名约定, 便能够轻松的将View/ViewModel建议关联。如下所示:

假设你已经为项目添加Views和ViewModels文件夹。此时, 你的页面为ViewA, 则对应的ViewModel名称为 ViewAViewModel。

错误命名例子：假如你的页面为PageView，对应的ViewModel名称为PageViewModel，而不是PageViewViewModel。

3.MVVM

众所周知, 如果你了解WPF当中的ICommand, INotifyPropertyChanged的作用, 就会发现
众多框架都是基于这些进行扩展, 实现其通知、绑定、命令等功能。

3.1通知

Prism继承Prism.Mvvm.BindableBase,进行调用RaisePropertyChanged方法即可。

3.2命令

Prism继承Prism.Mvvm.BindableBase,进行使用DelegateCommand即可。

3.3拓展

对于单个Command而言, 只是触发单个对应的功能, 而复合命令是Prism当中非常强大的功能, CompositeCommand简单来说是一个父命令, 它可以注册N个子命令。

using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class ContentViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        public ContentViewModel() 
        {
            ACommamd = new DelegateCommand(() =>
            {
                Title += "ACommamd";
            });
            BCommamd = new DelegateCommand(() =>
            {
                Title += "BCommamd";
            });
            //复合命令
            ClickAllCommand = new CompositeCommand();
            ClickAllCommand.RegisterCommand(ACommamd);
            ClickAllCommand.RegisterCommand(BCommamd);
        }
        private string title="测试";
        public string Title
        {
            get
            {
                return title;
            }
            set
            {
                title = value;
                RaisePropertyChanged(nameof(Title));
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand ACommamd;
        public DelegateCommand BCommamd;
     
        public DelegateCommand SaveCommamd
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {

                });
            }
        }
        public CompositeCommand ClickAllCommand { get; set; }
    }
}

3.4IEventAggregator（事件通讯）

发布：

using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Events;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class ContentViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        private readonly IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;
        public ContentViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator)
        {
            _eventAggregator = eventAggregator;
        }
        private string msg;
        public string Msg
        {
            get
            {
                return msg;
            }
            set
            {
                msg = value;
                RaisePropertyChanged(nameof(Msg));
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand SendCommamd
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _eventAggregator.GetEvent<PubSubEvent<string>>().Publish(Msg);
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

using Prism.Events;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class HeaderViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        public HeaderViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator)
        {
            eventAggregator.GetEvent<PubSubEvent<string>>().Subscribe(ReceiveMessage, ThreadOption.PublisherThread, false, msg =>
            {
                //过滤
                return true;
            });
        }
        private void ReceiveMessage(string msg)
        {
            Text = msg;
        }
        private string text;
        public string Text
        {
            get
            {
                return text;
            }
            set
            {
                text = value;
                RaisePropertyChanged(nameof(Text));
            }
        }
    }
}

4.Navigation（导航）

4.1导航的基本条件：注册显示区域、注册导航页面

（1）注册导航

using HT.PrismApp.ViewModels;
using HT.PrismApp.Views;
using Prism.Ioc;
using System.Windows;

namespace HT.PrismApp
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for App.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class App
    {
        protected override Window CreateShell()
        {
            return Container.Resolve<MainWindow>();
        }

        protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
        {
            //注册导航
            containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<ContentView>();
            containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<MenuView>();
            //指定VieModel
            //containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<ContentView, ContentViewModel>();
            //containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<MenuView, MenuViewModel>();
        }
    }
}

2.使用导航

using HT.PrismApp.Views;
using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Events;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using Prism.Regions;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class HeaderViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        private IRegionManager _regionManager;
        public HeaderViewModel(IRegionManager regionManager)
        {
            _regionManager = regionManager;
        }
        public DelegateCommand NavigationA
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    //使用导航
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(ContentView));

                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand NavigationB
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    //使用导航
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(MenuView));
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

拓展：

        public DelegateCommand NavigationA
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    //带参数,ViewModel继承INavigationAware
                    //OnNavigatedTo: 导航完成前, 此处可以传递过来的参数以及是否允许导航等动作的控制。
                    //IsNavigationTarget: 调用以确定此实例是否可以处理导航请求。否则新建实例
                    //OnNavigatedFrom: 当导航离开当前页时, 类似打开A, 再打开B时, 该方法被触发。

                    //还有可以继承IConfirmNavigationRequest
                    //拦截导航请求
                    //public void ConfirmNavigationRequest(NavigationContext navigationContext, Action<bool> continuationCallback)
                    //{
                    //    bool result = true;

                    //    if (MessageBox.Show("确认导航?", "温馨提示", MessageBoxButton.YesNo) == MessageBoxResult.No)
                    //        result = false;

                    //    //通过回调当前返回的确认结果,决定是否启动该导航
                    //    continuationCallback(result);
                    //}
                    var param = new NavigationParameters();
                    param.Add("Parameter", param);
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(ContentView), param);
                    //类似URL地址传递参数
                    //_regionManger.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", $"{nameof(ContentView)}?id=1&Name=xiaoming");
                });
            }
        }

3.Navigation Journal导航日志

using HT.PrismApp.Views;
using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Events;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using Prism.Regions;
using Prism.Services.Dialogs;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class HeaderViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        private IRegionManager _regionManager;
        private IRegionNavigationJournal _journal;
        public HeaderViewModel(IRegionManager regionManager, IRegionNavigationJournal journal)
        {
            _regionManager = regionManager;
            _journal = journal;
        }
        public DelegateCommand NavigationA
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(ContentView), args =>
                    {
                        //***导航日志
                        _journal = args.Context.NavigationService.Journal;
                    });
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand NavigationB
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    //使用导航
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(MenuView), args =>
                    {
                        //***导航日志
                        _journal = args.Context.NavigationService.Journal;
                    });
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand GoBack
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _journal.GoBack();
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand GoForward
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _journal.GoForward();
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

5.Dialog（对话框）

对话框实际上是我们应用程序经常用到的一个功能, 类如: Show、ShowDialog。
可以弹出一个我们指定的窗口, 仅此而已, 那么在Prism当中, Dialog指的是什么?

Prism提供了一组对话服务, 封装了常用的对话框组件的功能, 例如:

RegisterDialog/IDialogService (注册对话及使用对话)
打开对话框传递参数/关闭对话框返回参数
回调通知对话结果

5.1创建对话框,通常是一组用户控件 ,并且实现 IDialogAware

using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using Prism.Services.Dialogs;
using System;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class MessageDialogViewModel : BindableBase, IDialogAware
    {
        public string Title => "对话框服务";

        public event Action<IDialogResult> RequestClose;

        public bool CanCloseDialog()
        {
            return true;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 对话框关闭时
        /// </summary>
        public void OnDialogClosed()
        {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 对话框打开时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parameters"></param>
        public void OnDialogOpened(IDialogParameters parameters)
        {

        }
        public DelegateCommand SaveCommand
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    RequestClose?.Invoke(new DialogResult(ButtonResult.OK));
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand CancelCommand
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    RequestClose?.Invoke(new DialogResult(ButtonResult.Cancel));
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

5.2注册对话框 RegisterDialog

using HT.PrismApp.ViewModels;
using HT.PrismApp.Views;
using Prism.Ioc;
using System.Windows;

namespace HT.PrismApp
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for App.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class App
    {
        protected override Window CreateShell()
        {
            return Container.Resolve<MainWindow>();
        }

        protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
        {
            containerRegistry.RegisterDialog<MessageDialog, MessageDialogViewModel>();
        }
    }
}

5.3使用IDialogService接口 Show/ShowDialog 方法调用对话框

using HT.PrismApp.Views;
using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Events;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using Prism.Regions;
using Prism.Services.Dialogs;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;

namespace HT.PrismApp.ViewModels
{
    public class HeaderViewModel : BindableBase
    {
        private IRegionManager _regionManager;
        private IRegionNavigationJournal _journal;
        private IDialogService _dialogService;
        public HeaderViewModel(IRegionManager regionManager, IRegionNavigationJournal journal, IDialogService dialogService)
        {
            _regionManager = regionManager;
            _journal = journal;
            _dialogService= dialogService;
        }
        public DelegateCommand NavigationA
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(ContentView), args =>
                    {
                        //***导航日志
                        _journal = args.Context.NavigationService.Journal;
                    });
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand NavigationB
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    //使用导航
                    _regionManager.RequestNavigate("ContentRegion", nameof(MenuView), args =>
                    {
                        //***导航日志
                        _journal = args.Context.NavigationService.Journal;
                    });
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand GoBack
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _journal.GoBack();
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand GoForward
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _journal.GoForward();
                });
            }
        }
        public DelegateCommand OpenDialog
        {
            get
            {
                return new DelegateCommand(() =>
                {
                    _dialogService.ShowDialog(nameof(MessageDialog));
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

是这个韬呀

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WPF之Prism框架

对于单个Command而言, 只是触发单个对应的功能, 而复合命令是Prism当中非常强大的功能, CompositeCommand简单来说是一个父命令, 它可以注册N个子命令。众所周知, 如果你了解WPF当中的ICommand, INotifyPropertyChanged的作用, 就会发现。在最常见的开发模式当中, 我们去设计某个页面的时候, 实际上界面元素在设计的时候已经被固定。可以弹出一个我们指定的窗口, 仅此而已, 那么在Prism当中, Dialog指的是什么?
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