java-js知识库之四——构建cordova环境

本篇记录cordova环境的搭建和打包apk。

一、安装node.js

node.js官方下载地址
下载完成后直接安装，不需任何额外的操作，安装完成后命令行cmd输入node -v,可查看版本。

C:\Users\Administrator>node -v
v8.12.0

二、安装cordova

命令行输入npm install -g cordova@7.0,安装可能比较慢，切勿将npm镜像切换为淘宝镜像，否则可能出现安装的cordova不全，导致无法打包的问题，安装完成后，命令行输入cordova -v。

C:\Users\Administrator>cordova -v
7.0.1

三、安装gradle

gradle官方下载地址
下载完成后配置环境变量GRADLE_HOME，D:\java\gradle-5.0-milestone-1

path:%GRADLE_HOME%\bin;

在命令行输入gradle -v

C:\Users\Administrator>gradle -v

------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 5.0-milestone-1
------------------------------------------------------------

Build time:   2018-10-02 22:46:15 UTC
Revision:     abaf9d545140f5775f3442e4cfe9c61603d4fb3e

Kotlin DSL:   1.0-rc-12
Kotlin:       1.3.0-rc-116
Groovy:       2.5.3-SNAPSHOT
Ant:          Apache Ant(TM) version 1.9.13 compiled on July 10 2018
JVM:          1.8.0_191 (Oracle Corporation 25.191-b12)
OS:           Windows 10 10.0 amd64

四、安装android-sdk-windows

先要安装jdk1.8及以上，不赘述。
android sdk官方下载地址
下载完成后，直接解压，配置环境变量ANDROID_HOME：D:\java\android-sdk-windows

path:%ANDROID_HOME%\tools;%ANDROID_HOME%\platform-tools;

命令行输入android,会弹出如图界面

本人下载的是API26:


五、创建app
命令行输入cordova create 项目名 包名，包名要规范xx.xx,创建完成后，会在目录下生成项目。

D:\java\android>cordova create test cn.test
Creating a new cordova project.

命令行输入 cd test 进入项目，添加平台cordova platform add android，添加插件cordova plugin add 插件名称

D:\java\android>cd test

D:\java\android\test>cordova platform add android
Using cordova-fetch for cordova-android@~6.2.2
Adding android project...
Creating Cordova project for the Android platform:
        Path: platforms\android
        Package: cn.test
        Name: HelloCordova
        Activity: MainActivity
        Android target: android-25
Subproject Path: CordovaLib
Android project created with cordova-android@6.2.3
Discovered plugin "cordova-plugin-whitelist" in config.xml. Adding it to the project
Installing "cordova-plugin-whitelist" for android

               This plugin is only applicable for versions of cordova-android greater than 4.0. If you have a previous platform version, you do *not* need this plugin since the whitelist will be built in.

Adding cordova-plugin-whitelist to package.json
Saved plugin info for "cordova-plugin-whitelist" to config.xml
--save flag or autosave detected
Saving android@~6.2.3 into config.xml file ...

D:\java\android\test>cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-device
Installing "cordova-plugin-device" for android
Adding cordova-plugin-device to package.json
Saved plugin info for "cordova-plugin-device" to config.xml

查看已添加的插件cordova plugin ls

D:\java\android\test>cordova plugin ls
cordova-plugin-device 2.0.2 "Device"
cordova-plugin-whitelist 1.3.3 "Whitelist"

打包apk:cordova build android,第一次打包时间会比较久。

D:\java\android\test>cordova build android
ANDROID_HOME=D:\java\android-sdk-windows
JAVA_HOME=D:\java\jdk1.8.0_191
Starting a Gradle Daemon, 1 incompatible and 1 stopped Daemons could not be reused, use --status for details

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 1 mins 1.194 secs
Built the following apk(s):
        D:/java/android/test/platforms/android/build/outputs/apk/android-debug.apk

打包的apk为debug版本，可以直接安装在手机上运行。

本篇到此结束，下篇将记录部分配置文件和插件的使用。