Py 3基础 Day1

1.Python 介绍

2.发展史、python3安装（自己搜）

3.简单程序

4.变量

5.用户输入

6.模块介绍

7.数据类型

8.数据运算

9.if....else/for/while

 3.第一个简单程序

Linux下创建一个文件helloworld.py

print("Hello World!")

windows 中执行 python helloworld

如果类似执行一个shell脚本，如./helloworld.py，需要在helloworld.py文件中加入一个指定解释器如下：

#！/usr/bin/env python

print("Hello World!")

执行./helloworld.py。

At：执行前需要给于helloworld执行权限，chmod 755helloworld.py

C++

#include<iostream>

int main(void){

std: :cout<<"Hello World!";

}

c

#include<stdio.h>

int main(void)

{

printf("Hello World!");

return 0;

}

java 

public class HelloWorld{

       public static void main(String args[]){

                    System.out.println("Hello World!");

}

}

PHP

<?php

          ecoh "Hello World!";

>

Ruby

puts"hello world!"

go

package main

import "fmt"

func main(){

             fmt.Printf("Hello world!\n God love you")

}

4.变量、字符编码

#使用Pycharm开发，python3.

模板设计：Templates.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

第一句最好带着，方便以后跨平台移植：第二句py2最好带上，py3可以不带，3 Unicode统一编码。

变量：var.py

name = "zhang"
print("My name is",name)

name = "zhangguoqi"
name2 = name  #name2指向name内容，不会随着以后name的改变而改变
print(name,name)
name = "ZGQ"
print(name2,name)

变量的定义规则

  *字母、数字、下划线或任意组合

   *第一个字符不能是数字

    *关键字不能作为变量如：and/as/assert/break/class/continue/def/del/elif/else/except/exec/finally/for/form/global/if

字符串的拼接：

name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
job = input("job:")
salary= input("salary:")
# 字符串的拼接1
info = '''
------ info of '''+ name +'''------
Name:'''+ name +'''
Age:'''+age + '''
Job:'''+job+'''
Salary:'''+salary+'''
'''
print(info)
#字符串的拼接2
info2 = '''
------ info of %s------
Name:%s
Age:%s
Job:%s
Salary:%s
''' %(name,name,age,job,salary)
print(info2)
#第三种字符串拼接3
info3= '''
------ info of {_name}------
Name:{_name}
Age:{_age}
Job:{_job}
Salary:{_salary}
'''.format(_name=name,
           _age=age,
           _job=job,
           _salary=salary)
print(info3)
# 第四种拼接4
info4= '''
------ info of {0}------
Name:{0}
Age:{1}
Job:{2}
Salary:{3}
'''.format(name,age,job,salary)
print(info4)

字符编码与二进制

字符编码：根据01 ——ASCII码，中文字符编码gbk，py3 统一的万国吗utf-8。

#！/usr/bin/env python   ,#-*-coding: utf-8-*-   ,

ASCII  255个字符，1个字节8个bite；gbk 18030字符（增加中），3个字节24个bite；

python3直接默认utf-8。

注释：单行#；多行'''     ''';  注意：shell中区别单双引号；

7用户输入

#name = "你好，世界"
name = "zhang"
print("My name is",name)

输入密码时，如果不想被看见，需要利用getpass模块；

注意pycharm中不好使。

判断用户名对不对（ if   else）

elif

age_of_QQ = 26
guess_age = int(input("guess_age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_QQ:
    print(" well! you got it")
elif guess_age > age_of_QQ:
    print("you think is bigger")
else:
    print("you think is smaller")

while判断

age_0f_oldboy = 26
count = 0
while count<3:
    guess_age = int(input("guess_age:"))
    if guess_age == age_0f_oldboy:
        print("yes,you got it")
        break
    elif guess_age > age_0f_oldboy:
        print("think smaller...")
    else:
        print("thing bigger!")
    count+=1
else:
    print("you have trined mang times.fark off!")

for语句

count = 0
'''
while True:
    print("count:",count)
    count = count +1 #count+=1
    if count == 1000:
        break
'''
'''for i in range(0,10,2): #补偿分割
    print("loop",i)'''


for i in range(10):
    print("-----",i)
    for j in range(10):
        print(j)
        if j>5:
            break

guess for

age_0f_oldboy = 26
count = 0
for i in range(3):
    guess_age = int(input("guess_age:"))
    if guess_age == age_0f_oldboy:
        print("yes,you got it")
        break
    elif guess_age > age_0f_oldboy:
        print("think smaller...")
    else:
        print("thing bigger!")
    count+=1
    if count == 3:
        continue_confirm = input("do you want to keep guessing..?")
        if continue_confirm !='n':
            count =0
else:
    print("you have trined mang times.fark off!")