正则表达式

什么是正则表达式：正则表达式从数据类型来讲是一个对象。不能操作DOM的

作用：配合API来验证字符串（.test(),.match()）等；
.test（）的用法：正则表达式.test(参数)；返回的是Boolean
.match（）的用法：字符串.match(正则表达式)；返回的是数组

怎么定义正则表达式呢？有两种方法：

1. test()

let s = "456你好789";
			let a = /\d+/g;
			console.log(a.test(s));//打印的是true

2. RegExp()

let y = "你好";
			let x = new RegExp(y);
			console.log(x.test("456你好789"));//打印的是true

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正则表达式转义符号的运用

1. 转义符号转义有特殊意义的符号会变得没有意义（/）;

let s = "/";
			let a = /\//;
			console.log(a.test(s));//true

2. 转义符号转义没有字母会变得有意义
   a. \d(匹配数字)，\D(匹配非数字)

			let s = "4";
			let a = /\d/;
			console.log(a.test(s));//true
			
			let x = "4";
			let y = /\D/;
			console.log(y.test(x));//false

b. \s(匹配空格)，\S(非空格)

			let s = " ";
			let a = /\s/;
			console.log(a.test(s));//true
			
			let x = " ";
			let y = /\S/;
			console.log(y.test(x));	//false

c. \w(匹配数字，字母，下划线)，\W(非数字，字母，下划线)

			let s = "4";
			let a = /\w/;
			console.log(a.test(s));//true
			
			let x = "_a";
			let y = /\W/;
			console.log(y.test(x));//false

d. \b(匹配连字符)汉字没用

				let s = "I am afei";
				let a = /\bafei\b/;
				console.log(a.test(s));//true
				
				let x = "I am afeif";
				let y = /\bafei\b/;
				console.log(y.test(x));//false

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正则表达式字符集的作用**[]**

					let s = "abcgwgwagcasg";
					let a = /[abc]/g;//在全局里找abc
					console.log(s.match(a));//(6) ["a", "b", "c", "a", "c", "a"]

正则表达式或者的作用**|**

					let s = "fwegwgsa";
					let a = /e|w|f/g;
					console.log(s.match(a))//(4) ["f", "w", "e", "w"]

字符集里的区间**-**

					let s = "gehe4613GEd78GSEv";
					let a = /[a-zA-Z]/g;//匹配所有的字母
					console.log(s.match(a))//(11) ["g", "e", "h", "e", "G", "E", "d", "G", "S", "E", "v"]

字符集里的**^**的作用

					let s = "gwgyhwagaghvahchhb";
					let a = /[^abc]/g;//除了abc之外全都匹配
					console.log(s.match(a));//(13) ["g", "w", "g", "y", "h", "w", "g", "g", "h", "v", "h", "h", "h"]

起始位置的符号^和结束位置的符号$的作用

					let s = "abcg";
					let a = /^abc/g;//以a为开始
					console.log(s.match(a));//["abc"]	
					
					let s = "abc";
					let a = /abc$/g;//以c为结束的
					console.log(s.match(a));//["abc"]	
					
					let s = "agabccgc";
					let a = /^abc$/g;//这里只能匹配abc
					console.log(s.match(a));//null	

**.**在正则表达式里的作用:匹配任意字符，除了换行之外；放在[.]里就是单纯的点

						let s = "58gs\ng\t";
						let reg = /./g;
						console.log(s.match(reg));//(6) ["5", "8", "g", "s", "g", "	"]

replace();替换内容。用法：str.replace（正则，参数[要替换的内容，可以写字符串和函数]）

						let reg = /你好/g;
						let str = "世界真的很大，遇见你真的很幸运，初次见面，你好请多多指教";
						let strReg = str.replace(reg,"hello");
						console.log(strReg);//世界真的很大，遇见你真的很幸运，初次见面，hello请多多指教