逻辑卷管理

在扩容的时候需要关注前面lv的文件格式

cat /etc/fstab

pvdisplay命令用于显示物理卷的属性

[root@test ~]# pvdisplay 
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               vg_test
  PV Size               9.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2434
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          2434
  PV UUID               uuFpno-W0L9-8TLY-FAIT-ZzIl-2rh4-SUvk2z

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               vg_test
  PV Size               10.00 GiB / not usable 4.70 MiB
  Allocatable           yes 
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2558
  Free PE               128
  Allocated PE          2430
  PV UUID               VNL3Ui-v9KS-0HJY-3Zsb-R6Dy-Hgpt-gpuFnM

lvdisplay显示逻辑卷相关属性

[root@test ~]# lvdisplay 
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_test/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_test
  LV UUID                w5FAwQ-dSX8-77fJ-3Ayl-SWK5-mMb5-wrZM33
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time test.com, 2017-10-16 22:49:07 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                18.00 GiB
  Current LE             4608
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_test/lv_swap
  LV Name                lv_swap
  VG Name                vg_test
  LV UUID                JbqQAI-od42-PK80-PZAF-ovbI-Z9vH-XZR5Co
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time test.com, 2017-10-16 22:49:09 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                1.00 GiB
  Current LE             256
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1

/dev/sdb是新添加的一块硬盘
先用fdisk命令新建一个分区

[root@test ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb 
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xf5002802.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): 
Using default value 652

Command (m for help): t             #修改分区格式
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L      #查看分区格式列表

 0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris        
 1  FAT12           39  Plan 9          82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 2  XENIX root      3c  PartitionMagic  83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 3  XENIX usr       40  Venix 80286     84  OS/2 hidden C:  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 4  FAT16 <32M      41  PPC PReP Boot   85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx         
 5  Extended        42  SFS             86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data    
 6  FAT16           4d  QNX4.x          87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
 7  HPFS/NTFS       4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility   
 8  AIX             4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt         
 9  AIX bootable    50  OnTrack DM      93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access     
 a  OS/2 Boot Manag 51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O        
 b  W95 FAT32       52  CP/M            9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor      
 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a0  IBM Thinkpad hi eb  BeOS fs        
 e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a5  FreeBSD         ee  GPT            
 f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55  EZ-Drive        a6  OpenBSD         ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
10  OPUS            56  Golden Bow      a7  NeXTSTEP        f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
11  Hidden FAT12    5c  Priam Edisk     a8  Darwin UFS      f1  SpeedStor      
12  Compaq diagnost 61  SpeedStor       a9  NetBSD          f4  SpeedStor      
14  Hidden FAT16 <3 63  GNU HURD or Sys ab  Darwin boot     f2  DOS secondary  
16  Hidden FAT16    64  Novell Netware  af  HFS / HFS+      fb  VMware VMFS    
17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 65  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fc  VMware VMKCORE 
18  AST SmartSleep  70  DiskSecure Mult b8  BSDI swap       fd  Linux raid auto
1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           bb  Boot Wizard hid fe  LANstep        
1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 80  Old Minix       be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT            
1e  Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e                 #类型修改为8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xf5002802

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         652     5237158+  8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w     #保存
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

正式扩容操作  ext格式

mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
pvcreate /dev/sdb1
vgdisplay 
vgextend vg_test /dev/sdb1              #先扩展VG
lvdisplay 
lvextend -L 9G /dev/vg_test/lv_root     #扩展LV 9G为总大小 如果是增加4G 可写为 +4G
resize2fs /dev/vg_test/lv_root 
df -h
vgdisplay 
lvdisplay 
resize2fs /dev/vg_test/lv_root          #resizes 
df -h

 xfs格式  

mkfs -t xfs /dev/sdb1  //mkfs.xfs  /dev/sdb
pvcreate /dev/sdb1
vgdisplay 
vgextend vg_test /dev/sdb1              #先扩展VG
lvdisplay 
lvextend -L 9G /dev/vg_test/lv_root     #扩展LV 9G为总大小 如果是增加4G 可写为 +4G
resize2fs /dev/vg_test/lv_root 
df -h
vgdisplay 
lvdisplay 
xfs_growfs /dev/vg_test/lv_root          #resizes   xfs扩容  
df -h

如果出现报错Linux_LVM Couldn't find device with uuid

可参考https://blog.csdn.net/ynxiaofan/article/details/47086207  

Solution

This scenario indicates that a disk is missing from the volume group.  This is clear since pvscan scans all disks for physical volumes, and  it's telling us that it cannot find a device.  In my case, I deleted a  LUN from the EMC that I knew was no longer being used, but I forgot to  update the LVM configuration.  To correct the issue, I removed the lost  physical volume from the volume group using the --removemissing argument of the vgreduce command.

Tip: Run vgreduce with the --test and --verbose options to validate what will be executed and confirm this is what you want to do.

[root@dwetlprod2 ~]# vgreduce --removemissing --verbose metabackupvg     // metabackupvg   vgname