json文件解析

json文件解析
目录

对json文本的解析有两种方法：
第一种：利用 child指针进行访问
第二种：定义cJSON结构体指针进行访问

正文

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对json文本的解析有两种方法：
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第一种：利用 child指针进行访问

利用child指针进行访问，需要不断的进行child，以进入深层循环中。
访问面文本的slots数组中的成员

{
    "semantic":{
        "slots":[
            {
                "name":"ZhangSan",
                "ip":"ZhangSan"
            },
            {
                "name":"LiSi",
                "ip":"ZhangSan"
            },
            {
                "name":"WangWu",
                "ip":"ZhangSan"
            }
        ]
    },
    "rc":0,
    "operation":"CALL",
    "service":"telephone",
    "text":"Call ZhangSan"
}

复制代码
解析方法：

char * jsonStr = "{\"semantic\":{\"slots\":[{\"name\":\"ZhangSan\",\"ip\":\"ZhangSan\"},{\"name\":\"LiSi\",\"ip\":\"ZhangSan\"},{\"name\":\"WangWu\",\"ip\":\"ZhangSan\"}]}, \"rc\":0, \"operation\":\"CALL\", \"service\":\"telephone\", \"text\":\"Call ZhangSan\"}";
    cJSON * root = NULL;
    cJSON * item = NULL;//cjson对象

    root = cJSON_Parse(jsonStr);     //解析JSON数据包，并按照cJSON结构体的结构序列化整个数据包。使用该函数会通过malloc()函数在内存中开辟一个空间，使用完成需要手动释放。
    if (!root) 
    {
        printf("Error before: [%s]\n",cJSON_GetErrorPtr());
    }
    else
    {
        cJSON *slots_arr = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root->child, "slots");
        if( NULL != slots_arr ){
            cJSON *next ;
            int i;
            for(next= slots_arr->child; NULL!=next;)
            {
                char * ip   = cJSON_GetObjectItem( next , "name")->valuestring ;
                char * mask = cJSON_GetObjectItem( next , "ip")->valuestring ;
                printf("ip: %s  mask: %s\n",ip,mask);    
                next = next->next    ;

            }
        }
    }

复制代码
运行输出：

ip: ZhangSan  mask: ZhangSan
ip: LiSi  mask: ZhangSan
ip: WangWu  mask: ZhangSan

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第二种：定义cJSON结构体指针进行访问

利用cJSON结构体指针访问，一层一个指针，下一层的cJSON指针等于对上一层的cJSON结构体进行访问，从而获得其成员；
对下面的json文件进行访问

{
    "port":[{
        "com3":{
            "bound": 2400,
            "device_type":    "master",
            "device_addr":    ["404887000027", "404887000028"]
            }
        },{
        "com4":{
            "bound": 2400,
            "device_type":    "master",
            "ammeter_addr":    []
            }
        },{
        "com5":{
            "bound": 2400,
            "device_type":    "master",
            "ammeter_addr":    ["404887000027"]
            }
        },{
        "com6":{
            "bound": 2400,
            "device_type":    "master",
            "device_addr":    ["404887000027", "404887000028","404887000027", "404887000028"]
            }
        }
    ]
}

复制代码
从上面文件可以看出，一共有四层嵌套，分别是：port、com、bound、addr数组；
解析方法:

int port_count, addr_count;
    int i,j;
    char *str;
    cJSON *js_root, *js_one, *js_two, *js_three, *js_four, *it, *member;

    str = (char *)malloc(4);
    js_root = load_json_file("device.json");
    
    if(!js_root){
        return -1;
    }

    js_one = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_root, "port");
    if(!js_one){
        printf("no port\n");
        return -1;
    }
    
    port_count = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_one);   //获取数组中成员个数
    printf("\nport count = %d\n", port_count);

    for(i = 0; i < port_count; i++) {
        js_two = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_one, i);
        printf("\n----------------------------------------cJSON_GetArrayItem js_one, %d ----------------------------------------\n", i);
        printf("%s", cJSON_Print(js_two));

        switch(i){
            case 0: strcpy(str, "com3");break;
            case 1: strcpy(str, "com4");break;
            case 2: strcpy(str, "com5");break;
            case 3: strcpy(str, "com6");break;
        }
        js_three = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_two, str);
        printf("%s\n", cJSON_Print(js_three));

        it = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_three, "bound");
        printf("name type is %s\n",it->string);
        printf("name is %d\n",it->valueint);

        it = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_three, "device_type");
        printf("name type is %s\n",it->string);
        printf("name is %s\n",it->valuestring);

        js_four = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_three, "device_addr");
        printf("%s\n", cJSON_Print(js_four));
        addr_count = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_four);
        printf("%d\n", addr_count);

        if(addr_count == 0)
            continue;
        else{

            for(j = 0; j < addr_count; j++) {
                member = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_four, j);
                printf("name is %s\n",member->valuestring);
            }       
        }    
    }

运行结果：

port count = 4

----------------------------------------cJSON_GetArrayItem js_one, 0 ----------------------------------------
{
    "com3":    {
        "bound":    2400,
        "device_type":    "master",
        "device_addr":    ["404887000027", "404887000028"]
    }
}{
    "bound":    2400,
    "device_type":    "master",
    "device_addr":    ["404887000027", "404887000028"]
}
name type is bound
name is 2400
name type is device_type
name is master
["404887000027", "404887000028"]
2
name is 404887000027
name is 404887000028

----------------------------------------cJSON_GetArrayItem js_one, 1 ----------------------------------------
{
    "com4":    {
        "bound":    2400,
        "device_type":    "master",
        "device_addr":    []
    }
}{
    "bound":    2400,
    "device_type":    "master",
    "device_addr":    []
}
name type is bound
name is 2400
name type is device_type
name is DLT645_2007
[]
0

----------------------------------------cJSON_GetArrayItem js_one, 2 ----------------------------------------
{
    "com5":    {
        "bound":    2400,
        "device_type":    "master",
        "device_addr":    ["404887000027"]
    }
}{
    "bound":    2400,
    "device_type":    "master",
    "device_addr":    ["404887000027"]
}
name type is bound
name is 2400
name type is device_type
name is master
["404887000027"]
1
name is 404887000027

----------------------------------------cJSON_GetArrayItem js_one, 3 ----------------------------------------
{
    "com6":    {
        "bound":    2400,
        "device_type":    "master",
        "device_addr":    ["404887000027", "404887000028", "404887000027", "404887000028"]
    }
}{
    "bound":    2400,
    "device_type":    "master",
    "device_addr":    ["404887000027", "404887000028", "404887000027", "404887000028"]
}
name type is bound
name is 2400
name type is device_type
name is master
["404887000027", "404887000028", "404887000027", "404887000028"]
4
name is 404887000027
name is 404887000028
name is 404887000027
name is 404887000028