条件渲染
方法一(变量):
//LoginControl.js
import React from 'react'
function LoginButton(props) {
return (
<button onClick={props.onClick}>
Login
</button>
);
}
function LogoutButton(props) {
return (
<button onClick={props.onClick}>
Logout
</button>
);
}//一些小的组件元素可以用函数式组件
class LoginControl extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.handleLoginClick = this.handleLoginClick.bind(this);
this.handleLogoutClick = this.handleLogoutClick.bind(this);
this.state = {isLoggedIn: false};
}
handleLoginClick() {
this.setState({isLoggedIn: true});
}
handleLogoutClick() {
this.setState({isLoggedIn: false});
}
render() {
const isLoggedIn = this.state.isLoggedIn;
let button;
if (isLoggedIn) {
button = <LogoutButton onClick={this.handleLogoutClick} />;
} else {
button = <LoginButton onClick={this.handleLoginClick} />;
}
return (
<div>
{button}
</div>
);
}
}
export default LoginControl
//App.js
import React from 'react';
import LoginControl from './components/LoginControl'
import './App.css';
function App() {
return (
<div className="App" >
<LoginControl/>
</div>
);
}
export default App;
方法二
使用逻辑 && 操作符的内联 if 用法
//Mailbox.js
import React from 'react'
class MailBox extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<h1>hello!</h1>
{this.props.unreadMessages.length>0&&
<h2>
You have {this.props.unreadMessages.length} unread messages.
</h2>
}
</div>
)
}
}
export default MailBox
//App.js
import React from 'react';
import MailBox from './components/MailBox'
import './App.css';
function App() {
const messages = ['React', 'Re: React', 'Re:Re: React'];
const unreadMessages = []
return (
<div className="App" >
<MailBox unreadMessages={unreadMessages} />
</div>
);
}
export default App;
在 JavaScript 中, true && expression 总是会评估为 expression ,而 false && expression 总是执行为 false 。因此,如果条件为 true ,则 && 后面的元素将显示在输出中。 如果是 false,React 将会忽略并跳过它。
方法三
使用条件操作符的内联 If-Else
render() {
const isLoggedIn = this.state.isLoggedIn;
return (
<div>
The user is <b>{isLoggedIn ? 'currently' : 'not'}</b> logged in.
</div>
);
}
当希望组件隐藏时,返回 null 而不是其渲染输出。
列表
//List.js
import React from 'react'
function ListItem(props){
return (
<li>{props.value}</li>
)
}
export default class List extends React.Component {
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.list = props.numbers.map((number)=>{
return <ListItem value={number} key={'X'+number}/>
})
}
render() {
return (this.list)
}
}
import React from 'react';
import MailBox from './components/MailBox'
import List from './components/List'
import './App.css';
function App() {
const messages = ['React', 'Re: React', 'Re:Re: React'];
const unreadMessages = []
const numbers = [1,2,3,4]
return (
<div className="App" >
<MailBox unreadMessages={unreadMessages} />
<List numbers={numbers} />
</div>
);
}
export default App;
注意点:
keys 只在数组的上下文中存在意义。例如,如果你提取 一个 ListItem 组件,应该把 key 放置在数组处理的 元素中,不能放在 ListItem 组件自身中的
- 根元素上。
可以直接在在 JSX 中嵌入 map(),不使用变量,具体看实际开发。
表单
import React from 'react'
export default class FirstForm extends React.Component {
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
value:''
}
this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this)
this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this)
}
handleChange(e){
this.setState({
value:e.target.value
})
}
handleSubmit(e){
console.log(this.state.value)
e.preventDefault()
}
render() {
return (
<form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
<label>
Name:
<input type="text" value={this.state.value} onChange={this.handleChange} />
</label>
<input type="submit" value="submit" />
</form>
)
}
}
//受控组件
注意textarea,select中与Hmtl中的区别 http://react.html.cn/docs/forms.html
状态提升
//父组件 Calculator.js
import React from 'react'
import TemperatureInput from './TemperatureInput'
function tryConvert(temperature, convert) {
const input = parseFloat(temperature);
if (Number.isNaN(input)) {
return '';
}
const output = convert(input);
const rounded = Math.round(output * 1000) / 1000;
return rounded.toString();
}
function toCelsius(fahrenheit) {
return (fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9;
}
function toFahrenheit(celsius) {
return (celsius * 9 / 5) + 32;
}
function BoilingVerdict(props) {
if (props.celsius >= 100) {
return <p>The water would boil.</p>;
}
return <p>The water would not boil.</p>;
}
export default class Calculator extends React.Component {
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.handleCelsiusChange = this.handleCelsiusChange.bind(this);
this.handleFahrenheitChange = this.handleFahrenheitChange.bind(this);
this.state = {
temperature:'',
scale:'c'
}
}
handleCelsiusChange(temperature){
this.setState({
temperature:temperature,
scale:'c'
})
}
handleFahrenheitChange(temperature){
this.setState({
temperature:temperature,
scale:'f'
})
}
render() {
const temperature = this.state.temperature
const scale = this.state.scale
const cel = scale==='f'?tryConvert(temperature,toCelsius):temperature
const fahrenheit = scale==='c'?tryConvert(temperature,toFahrenheit):temperature
return (
<div>
<TemperatureInput scale="c" temperature={cel}
onTemperatureChange={this.handleCelsiusChange} />
<TemperatureInput scale="f" temperature={fahrenheit}
onTemperatureChange={this.handleFahrenheitChange} />
<BoilingVerdict celsius={parseFloat(cel)}></BoilingVerdict>
</div>
)
}
}
//子组件 TemperatureInput.js
import React from 'react'
export default class TemperatureInput extends React.Component {
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this)
}
handleChange(e){
this.props.onTemperatureChange(e.target.value)
}
render(){
const temperature = this.props.temperature
const scale = this.props.scale
return (
<input onChange={this.handleChange} value={temperature}/>
)
}
}
关键点在于任意一个Input数据更新时候,由于Input设置为受控组件,触发onChange中的处理,修改props里面传递进来的事件onTemperatureChange引发父组件事件(很像vue中的emit),然后在回调逻辑中进行数据处理(setState),来重新渲染自身,所以两个Input都依赖父组件中传入的prop值(temperature),UI都发生变化。
组合(类似vue的slot)
//Dialog.js
import React from 'react'
export default class Dialog extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<h1>{this.props.header}</h1>
<p>{this.props.content}</p>
</div>
)
}
}
//App.js
import React from 'react';
import Dialog from './components/Dialog'
import './App.css';
function App() {
return (
<div className="App" >
<Dialog header={
<div>我是大哥</div>
} content={
<span>你好这是正文</span>
}
/>
</div>
);
}
export default App;