关于IPV4 和IPV6地址转化相关的一些函数，关于获取网卡和IP地址等相关网络信息的函数

关于inet_pton（地址转网络）和inet_ntop（网络转地址）两个函数的使用

头文件：

windows下：

#include <WS2tcpip.h>

linux下：

#include <sys/socket.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>

#include<arpa/inet.h>

int inet_pton(int af, const char *src, void *dst);

af = AF_INET(IPV4) 或者 AF_INET6(IPV6)

src为指向字符型的地址(即IPV4或者IPV6的地址) ，将该地址转换为in_addr或者in6_addr(IPV6)，复制在*dst中。

如果函数出错将返回一个负值，并将errno设置为EAFNOSUPPORT，如果参数af指定的地址族和src格式不对，函数将返回0。

char sIP[128] 为IP地址

inet_pton(AF_INET, sIP, (void *)&addr); // struct in_addr addr

inet_pton(AF_INET6, sIP, (void *)&addr); //struct in6_addr addr

const char *inet_ntop(int af, const void *src, char *dst, socklen_t cnt)

af = AF_INET(IPV4) 或者 AF_INET6(IPV6)

src为指向字符型的地址(即IPV4或者IPV6的地址) ，将该地址转换为sockaddr_in或者sockaddr_in6(IPV6)，复制在*dst中。

参数的作用和inet_pton相同，只是多了一个参数socklen_t cnt,他是所指向缓存区dst的大小，避免溢出。

inet_ntop函数成功的话返回字符串的首地址，错误返回NULL；

char sIP[128] 存转换的IP地址

 inet_ntop(AF_INET, &(addr->sin_addr), sIP, sizeof(sIP)); //struct sockaddr_in *addr

 inet_ntop(AF_INET, &(addr->sin6_addr), sIP, sizeof(sIP)); // struct  sockaddr_in6  *addr

或者

 inet_ntop(AF_INET, &(addr), sIP, sizeof(sIP));// struct in_addr addr

 inet_ntop(AF_INET, &(addr), sIP, sizeof(sIP));//struct in6_addr addr

获取IP，网卡等相关网络信息

ULONG WINAPI GetAdaptersAddresses(
    __in ULONG Family,
    __in ULONG Flags, 
    __in PVOID Reserved, 
    __inout PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES AdapterAddresses, 
    __inout PULONG SizePointer 
);

头文件 库引用

#include <iphlpapi.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "IPHLPAPI.lib")

第一参数：

                        Value                        Meaning
AF_UNSPEC     0                             Return both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses associated with adapters with IPv4 or IPv6 enabled.
AF_INET           2                             Return only IPv4 addresses associated with adapters with IPv4 enabled.
AF_INET6        23                            Return only IPv6 addresses associated with adapters with IPv6 enabled.

其他参数查看该链接https://www.dotblogs.com.tw/larrynung/2012/01/13/65678

 

      PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pAddresses = NULL;
      PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pCurrAddresses = NULL;
      PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS pUnicast = NULL;
      ULONG outBufLen = 0;
      GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_UNSPEC, 0, NULL, NULL, &outBufLen); // 取结构体长度
      DWORD dwRetVal = 0;
      pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES *)malloc(outBufLen);
      do
      {
         pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES *)malloc(outBufLen);
         if (pAddresses == NULL)
            break;
         dwRetVal = GetAdaptersAddresses(
            AF_UNSPEC, 
            GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_PREFIX |  GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_GATEWAYS,
            NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen);
         if (dwRetVal == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW)
         {
            free(pAddresses);
            pAddresses = NULL;
         }
         else
            break;
      } while (dwRetVal == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW);
      if (dwRetVal == NO_ERROR)
      {
         pCurrAddresses = pAddresses;
         while ((pCurrAddresses != NULL) && (nFlags == 0))
         {
            pUnicast = pCurrAddresses->FirstUnicastAddress; //IP
            if (pCurrAddresses->OperStatus != IfOperStatusUp)
            {
               pCurrAddresses = pCurrAddresses->Next;
               continue;
            }
            int i = 1;
            while (pUnicast && (nFlags == 0))
            {
               char sIP[130] = { 0 };
               if (AF_INET == pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)// IPV4 地址
                  inet_ntop(AF_INET, 
                           &(((sockaddr_in*)pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr), 
                           sIP, sizeof(sIP));
               else if (AF_INET6 == pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)// IPV6 地址
                  inet_ntop(AF_INET6, 
                           &(((sockaddr_in6*)pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin6_addr), 
                           sIP, sizeof(sIP));
               if (strcmp(ipaddress, sIP) == 0)
               {
                  CString mac;// MAC 地址的长度存在 PhysicalAddressLength 
                  // 按格式输出
                  mac.Format(_T("%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X"), 
                           pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[0], 
                           pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[1],
                           pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[2], 
                           pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[3], 
                           pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[4],
                           pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[5]);
                  nFlags = 1;
                  strcpy(name, mac);
                  break;
               }
               pUnicast = pUnicast->Next;
            }
            pCurrAddresses = pCurrAddresses->Next;
         }
      }
      else
      {
         CString s;
         s.Format(_T("GetAdaptersAddresses failed,error code:%d"), GetLastError());
      }

      if (pAddresses)
         free(pAddresses);