SpringMVC初体验

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-26 12:23:25 发布

Weonnn

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-26 12:23:25 发布

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分类专栏： javaweb 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38319289/article/details/108579645

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一、SpringMVC入门

在这里插入图片描述

实战：

前端获得值：

<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
${requestScope.user.name}
</body>
</html>

controller：
model、map、对象等不同参数下的测试：

package com.imooc.controller;

import com.imooc.entity.Goods;
import com.imooc.entity.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by Administrator.
 */

@RequestMapping("/AnnotationHandler")
@Controller
public class AnnotationHandler {
    
    @RequestMapping("/ModelTest")
    public String ModelTest(Model model){
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("Tom");
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/MapTest")
    public String MapTest(Map<String,User> map){
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("Jerry");
        map.put("user",user);
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/ModelAndViewTest")
    public ModelAndView ModelAndViewTest(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("Cat");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("user",user);
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        return modelAndView;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public ModelAndView add(Goods goods){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("goods",goods);
        modelAndView.setViewName("show");
        return modelAndView;
    }

}

springxml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

web.xml:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
</web-app>

二、SpringMVC数据绑定

在这里插入图片描述

实战

springxml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc"></context:component-scan>

    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"></bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--配置前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <!--配置后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

基本类型、数组类型绑定：

@Controller
public class DataBindController {

    @Autowired
    private CourseDAO courseDAO;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/baseType")
    @ResponseBody //直接返回 无需前端页面
    public String baseType(@RequestParam(value = "id") int id){
        return "id:"+id;
    }
    //url:http://localhost:8080/baseType?id=2
    //显示：id:2

    @RequestMapping(value = "/packageType")
    @ResponseBody
    public String packageType(@RequestParam(value = "id") Integer id){
        return "id:"+id;
    }
    //url:http://localhost:8080/baseType?id=2
    //显示：id:2
    //url:http://localhost:8080/baseType?id
    //显示：id:null

    @RequestMapping(value = "/arrayType")
    @ResponseBody
    public String arrayType(String[] name){
        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
        for (String item:name){
            sbf.append(item).append(" ");
        }
        return sbf.toString();
    }
    // url:http://localhost:8080/arrayType?name=abc&name=3
    //显示：abc 3

对象类型绑定（部分代码）：
实体类：

public class Course {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private Author author;
    ...
    }

前端页面：
add.jsp:
文本框的name属性与实体类对应！
在这里插入图片描述
controller：

@Controller
public class DataBindController {

    @Autowired
    private CourseDAO courseDAO;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/pojoType")
    public ModelAndView pojoType(Course course){
        courseDAO.add(course);
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        modelAndView.addObject("courses",courseDAO.getAll());
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

集合类型绑定（List、Set、Map）（部分代码）：

实体类：

//List
public class CourseList {
    private List<Course> courses;

    public List<Course> getCourses() {
        return courses;
    }

    public void setCourses(List<Course> courses) {
        this.courses = courses;
    }
}

//Map
public class CourseMap {
    private Map<String,Course> courses;

    public void setCourses(Map<String, Course> courses) {
        this.courses = courses;
    }

    public Map<String, Course> getCourses() {
        return courses;
    }
}

//Set
public class CourseSet {
    private Set<Course> courses = new HashSet<Course>();

    public void setCourses(Set<Course> courses) {
        this.courses = courses;
    }

    public Set<Course> getCourses() {
        return courses;
    }

    public  CourseSet(){
        courses.add(new Course());
        courses.add(new Course());
    }
}

前端页面：
同样的，name属性要与实体类一一对应。
addList.jsp:
在这里插入图片描述
addMap.jsp:

addSet.jsp:

controller:

@Controller
public class DataBindController {

    @Autowired
    private CourseDAO courseDAO;
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/listType")
    public ModelAndView listType(CourseList courseList){
        for(Course course:courseList.getCourses()){
            courseDAO.add(course);
        }
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        modelAndView.addObject("courses",courseDAO.getAll());
        return modelAndView;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/mapType")
    public ModelAndView mapType(CourseMap courseMap){
        for(String key:courseMap.getCourses().keySet()){
            Course course = courseMap.getCourses().get(key);
            courseDAO.add(course);
        }
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        modelAndView.addObject("courses",courseDAO.getAll());
        return modelAndView;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/setType")
    public ModelAndView setType(CourseSet courseSet){
        for (Course course:courseSet.getCourses()){
            courseDAO.add(course);
        }
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        modelAndView.addObject("courses",courseDAO.getAll());
        return modelAndView;
    }

 
}

JSON类型：
前端页面json.jsp：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

    $(function(){
        var course = {
            "id":"8",
            "name":"SSM框架整合",
            "price":"200"
        };
        $.ajax({
            url:"jsonType",
            data:JSON.stringify(course),
            type:"post",
            contentType:"application/json;charse=UTF-8",
            dataType:"json",
            success:function(data){
                alert(data.name+"---"+data.price);
            }
        })
    })

</script>
<body>

</body>
</html>

controller：

@RequestMapping(value = "/jsonType")
    @ResponseBody
    public  Course jsonType(@RequestBody  Course course){
        course.setPrice(course.getPrice()+100);
        return course;
    }

三、SpringMVC—RESTful风格

在这里插入图片描述

实战：

@GetMapping @PostMapping @PutMapping @DeleteMapping分别对应只能处理get、post、put、delete形式的操作。

package com.imooc.controller;

import com.imooc.dao.CourseDAO;
import com.imooc.entity.Course;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * Created by Administrator.
 */
@Controller
public class CourseController {
    @Autowired
    private CourseDAO courseDAO;

    /**
     * 添加课程
     */
    @PostMapping(value = "/add")
    public String add(Course course){
        courseDAO.add(course);
        return "redirect:/getAll";
    }

    /**
     * 查询全部课程
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping(value = "/getAll")
    public ModelAndView getAll(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        modelAndView.addObject("courses",courseDAO.getAll());
        return modelAndView;
    }

    /**
     * 通过id查询课程
     */
    @GetMapping(value = "/getById/{id}")
    public ModelAndView getById(@PathVariable(value = "id") int id){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("edit");
        modelAndView.addObject("course",courseDAO.getById(id));
        return modelAndView;
    }

    /**修改课程
     *
     */
    @PutMapping(value = "/update")
    public String update(Course course){
        courseDAO.update(course);
        return "redirect:/getAll";
    }

    /**
     * 删除课程
     */
    @DeleteMapping(value = "/delete/{id}")
    public String delete(@PathVariable(value = "id")  int id){
        courseDAO.deleteById(id);
        return "redirect:/getAll";
    }

}

springxml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven >
        <!-- 四种Http协议的消息转换器 -->
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"></bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

	<!-- 配置自动扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc"></context:component-scan>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

web.xml:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--处理中文乱码-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
<!--对客户端请求的静态资源如图片、JS文件等的请求交由默认的servlet进行处理-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--对四种请求进行过滤的springMVC过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

四、SpringMVC 拦截器

springMVC拦截器和过滤器的区别

对于登录拦截操作过滤器实战（仅有拦截器操作的代码）：

定义拦截器操作：

package com.imooc.core;

import com.imooc.bean.User;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {


    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        User user = (User)request.getSession().getAttribute("session_user");
        if(user==null) {
//            System.out.println("1:keketip--login====preHandle===>");
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login");
            return false;
        }
        return true;//会终止所有的请求
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
//        System.out.println("3:-----keketip==--login==postHandle===>");
    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
//        System.out.println("4--->keketip=--login===afterCompletion===>");
    }
}

springxml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">


    <!-- 配置自定义扫描包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.web"></context:component-scan>



    <!-- 拦截器的注册 -->
    <mvc:interceptors>

        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>
            <bean class="com.imooc.core.LogInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>

        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--<mvc:mapping path="/user/search"/>
            <mvc:mapping path="/user/updatepwd"/>
            <mvc:mapping path="/user/updateheaderPic"/>-->
            <!--<mvc:mapping path="/user/*"></mvc:mapping>-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"></mvc:mapping>
            <!--exclude-mapping在所有拦截中进行排除，一般在通配符会有意义。-->
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/updatepwd"></mvc:exclude-mapping>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/updatebackground/*"></mvc:exclude-mapping>
            <bean class="com.imooc.core.LoginInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>



    <!-- 映射物理路径 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

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SpringMVC初体验

一、SpringMVC入门实战：前端获得值：<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %><html><body><h2>Hello World!</h2>${requestScope.user.name}</body></html>controller：model、map、对象等不同参数下的测试：package com.imooc.controller;import
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