前后端交互跨域问题

情景：前端VUE，后端springboot。分别都可以跑起来。但是准备结合的时候，http请求交互出现了‘跨域问题’。

报错内容：

Access to XMLHttpRequest at 'http://localhost:8080/testMethod' from origin 'http://localhost:8082' has been blocked by CORS policy: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource.

跨域问题的原因：
浏览器出于安全考虑，限制访问本站点以为的资源。
比如你有一个 网站 127.0.0.1:8080 , 并且上面挂了一个页面 ，那么在这个页面中 ，你只访问 本站点的 资源不会受到限制，但是你如果访问其他站点，比如 127.0.0.1:8082 的资源就会受到限制。

开始在网上找，axios，fetch这些答案居多

后来看见一种解决办法：后端自定义filter，在请求头里面加上一些参数。

1.先建一个类，继承Filter类，

package com.example.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebFilter(filterName = "/CORSFilter", urlPatterns = {"/*"})
public class CORSFilter implements Filter  {

    public CORSFilter() {}

    public void destroy() {}

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "*");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "*");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "3600");
        
        chain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
        
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {}
}

2.在SpringBoot应用启动类中，添加@ServletComponentScan注解，表示项目启动自动扫描Servlet组件。Filter属于Servlet组件。

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
@ServletComponentScan
public class VueTestApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(VueTestApplication.class, args);
        System.out.println("系统启动成功"); 
	}

}

参考博文：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30401609/article/details/82760145
https://www.cnblogs.com/qintang/p/13821654.html