07.SpringMVC_RESTFul_CRUD

1.需要导入的jar包

     commons-logging- 1.1 .3. jar

     spring -aop- 4.0 .0.RELEASE. jar

     spring -beans- 4.0 .0.RELEASE. jar

     spring -context- 4.0 .0.RELEASE. jar

     spring -core- 4.0 .0.RELEASE. jar

     spring -expression- 4.0 .0.RELEASE. jar

     spring -web- 4.0 .0.RELEASE. jar

     spring -webmvc- 4.0 .0. RELEASE . jar

    

     jstl. jar

     standard . jar

2.web.xml中的配置

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>

< web-app xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ;

     xmlns = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" ;

     xsi:schemaLocation = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" ;

     id = "WebApp_ID" version = "2.5" >

     < servlet >

         < servlet-name > springDispatcherServlet </ servlet-name >

         < servlet-class > org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </ servlet-class >

          < init-param >

              < param-name > contextConfigLocation </ param-name >

              < param-value > classpath:springmvc.xml </ param-value >

          </ init-param >

          < load-on-startup > 1 </ load-on-startup >

     </ servlet >

     < servlet-mapping >

         < servlet-name > springDispatcherServlet </ servlet-name >

          < url-pattern > / </ url-pattern >

     </ servlet-mapping >

                                                                

</ web-app >

3.SpringMVC的配置文件

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>

< beans xmlns = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ;

     xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ;

     xmlns:context = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" ;

     xmlns:mvc = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" ;

     xsi:schemaLocation = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd" ; >

     <!-- 设置自动扫描的包 -->

     < context:component-scan base-package = "com.atguigu.springmvc" ></ context:component-scan >

     <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->

     < bean id = "viewResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >

          < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/views/" ></ property >

          < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" ></ property >

     </ bean >

    

   

    

     <!-- 配置了mvc:default- servlet -handler标签之后，@RequestMapping就失效了，此时需要配置以下标签 -->

     < mvc:annotation-driven ></ mvc:annotation-driven >

</ beans >

• 1）配置处理静态资源

  <!-- 配置处理静态资源 -->

     <!-- 将在 SpringMVC 上下文中定义一个 DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler，

            它会对进入 DispatcherServlet 的请求进行筛查，如果发现是没有经过映射的请求，

            就将该请求交由 WEB 应用服务器默认的 Servlet 处理，如果不是静态资源的请求，才由 DispatcherServlet 继续处理

     -->

     <!-- default- servlet -name属性：如果WEB应用的服务器默认的 Servlet 的名字是default，该属性可以省略不写 -->

     < mvc:default-servlet-handler />

• 2）配置不经过Handler方法直接响应的页面

<!-- 设置发送请求时不经过Handler的方法 而直接响应的页面-->

     < mvc:view-controller path = "/testI18n" view-name = "success" />

• 不管配置了1）还是2），必须得配置以下标签

  <!-- 配置了mvc:default- servlet -handler标签之后，@RequestMapping就失效了，此时需要配置以下标签 -->

<!-- 配置了mvc:view-controller标签之后，@RequestMapping注解就失效了，这时必须配置以下标签（开发时我们一般都配置以下标签） -->

      < mvc:annotation-driven ></ mvc:annotation-driven >

4.具体实现

• Handler中的方法

@Controller

public class EmployeeHandler {

     @Autowired

     private EmployeeDao employeeDao ;

     @Autowired

     private DepartmentDao departmentDao ;

     // 获取所有员工

     @RequestMapping (value = "/emps" , method = RequestMethod. GET )

     public String getEmployees(Map<String, Object> map ) {

          // 获取所有的员工

         Collection<Employee> emps = employeeDao .getAll();

          // 将所有的员工放到map中，最终会放到request域中

          map .put( "emps" , emps );

          return "list" ;

    }

     // 获取所有的部门信息并去添加员工的页面

     @RequestMapping (value = "/emp" , method = RequestMethod. GET )

     public String inputEmployee(Map<String, Object> map ) {

          // 获取所有的部门

         Collection<Department> depts = departmentDao .getDepartments();

          // 将所有的部门放到map中，最终会放到request域中

          map .put( "depts" , depts );

//       map.put("employee", new Employee());

          return "input" ;

    }

     // 添加新员工

     @RequestMapping (value = "/emp" , method = RequestMethod. POST )

     public String addEmployee(Employee employee ) {

          // 保存用户

          employeeDao .save( employee );

          return " redirect:/ emps" ;

    }

     // 删除员工

     @RequestMapping (value = "/emp/{id}" , method = RequestMethod. DELETE )

     public String deleteEmployee( @PathVariable ( "id" ) Integer id ) {

          // 删除员工

          employeeDao .delete( id );

          return " redirect:/ emps" ;

    }

     // 获取员工

     @RequestMapping (value = "/emp/{id}" , method = RequestMethod. GET )

     public String getEmployee( @PathVariable ( "id" ) Integer id , Map<String, Object> map ) {

          // 根据员工的id获取要更新的员工

         Employee employee = employeeDao .get( id );

          // 将员工放到map中

          map .put( "employee" , employee );

          // 获取所有的部门

         Collection<Department> depts = departmentDao .getDepartments();

          // 将所有的部门放到map中，最终会放到request域中

          map .put( "depts" , depts );

          return "input" ;

    }

     @ModelAttribute

     public Employee getEmployeeModel( @RequestParam (value = "id" , required = false ) Integer id ) {

         Employee employee = new Employee();

          if ( id != null ) {

              // 从数据库中将该员工查询出来

              employee = employeeDao .get( id );

         }

          return employee ;

    }

     // 更新员工

     @RequestMapping (value = "/emp/{id}" , method = RequestMethod. PUT )

     public String updateEmployee(Employee employee ) {

          // 更新员工

          employeeDao .save( employee );

          return "redirect:/emps" ;

    }

}

• 显示所有员工的页面

<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>

<%@ taglib uri = " http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" ; prefix = "c" %>    

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" " http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" ; >

< html >

< head >

< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=UTF-8" >

< title > Insert title here </ title >

< script type = "text/javascript" src = " ${pageContext.request.contextPath } /scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" ></ script >

< script type = "text/javascript" >

    $( function (){

          //给所有删除员工的超链接绑定单击事件

         $( ".empDelete" ).click( function (){

              //1.获取超链接中的href属性值

              var url = $( this ).attr( "href" );

              //2.将url赋给form表单的action属性

             $( "#deleteForm" ).attr( "action" ,url);

              //3.手动提交表单

             $( "#deleteForm" ).submit();

              //取消默认行为

              return false ;

         });

    });

</ script >

</ head >

< body >

     < form action = "" method = "post" id = "deleteForm" >

          <!-- 设置_method请求参数 -->

          < input type = "hidden" name = "_method" value = "delete" >

     </ form >

     < center >

          < c:if test = " ${ empty requestScope.emps } " >

              < h1 > 没有任何员工 </ h1 >

          </ c:if >

          < c:if test = " ${! empty requestScope.emps } " >

              < table border = "1" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "10" style =" text-align : center ;" >

                  < tr >

                       < th > 工号 </ th >

                       < th > 姓名 </ th >

                       < th > 邮箱 </ th >

                       < th > 性别 </ th >

                       < th > 部门 </ th >

                       < th colspan = "2" > 操作 </ th >

                  </ tr >

              < c:forEach items = " ${requestScope.emps } " var = "emp" >     

                  < tr >

                       < td > ${emp.id } </ td >

                       < td > ${emp.lastName } </ td >

                       < td > ${emp.email } </ td >

                       < td >

                           < c:if test = " ${emp.gender == 1 } " >

                               男

                           </ c:if >

                           < c:if test = " ${emp.gender == 0 } " >

                               女

                           </ c:if >

                       </ td >

                      < td > ${emp.department.departmentName } </ td >

                       < td >< a href = " ${pageContext.request.contextPath } /emp/ ${emp.id} " > 编辑 </ a ></ td >

                       < td >< a class = "empDelete" href = " ${pageContext.request.contextPath } /emp/ ${emp.id} " > 删除 </ a ></ td >

                  </ tr >

              </ c:forEach >

              </ table >

          </ c:if >

          < br >

          < a href = " ${pageContext.request.contextPath } /emp" > 添加新员工 </ a >

     </ center >

</ body >

</ html >

• 添加和更新员工的页面

<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>

<%@ taglib uri = " http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" ; prefix = "c" %>    

<%@ taglib uri = " http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" ; prefix = "form" %>   

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" " http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" ; >

< html >

< head >

< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=UTF-8" >

< title > Insert title here </ title >

</ head >

< body >

     <!-- 使用SpringMVC提供的表单标签的好处：

             1.便于快速的开发

             2.便于表单的回显   

     -->

     <!-- SpringMVC提供的表单默认表单中的数据是必须要回显的，默认情况下，SpringMVC会以command 作为key从request域中

          查询模型数据，然后回显，找不到则会抛出异常。我们可以通过form表单的modelAttribute属性来指定在request域中放的模型数据的key

• 一般情况下，通过 GET 请求获取表单页面，而通过 POST 请求提交表单页面，因此获取表单页面和提交表单页面的 URL 是相同的。，
  • 只要满足该最佳条件的契约，<form:form> 标签就无需通过 action 属性指定表单提交的 URL
    • 可以通过 modelAttribute 属性指定绑定的模型属性，若没有指定该属性，则默认从 request 域对象中读取 command 的表单 bean，如果该属性值也不存在，则会发生错误。
  • 
    

• SpringMVC 提供了多个表单组件标签，如 <form:input/>、<form:select/> 等，用以绑定表单字段的属性值，它们的共有属性如下：
  • path：表单字段，对应 html 元素的 name 属性，支持级联属性
  • htmlEscape：是否对表单值的 HTML 特殊字符进行转换，默认值为 true
  • cssClass：表单组件对应的 CSS 样式类名
  • cssErrorClass：表单组件的数据存在错误时，采取的 CSS 样式
• form:input、form:password、form:hidden、form:textarea：对应 HTML 表单的 text、password、hidden、textarea 标签
• form:radiobutton：单选框组件标签，当表单 bean 对应的属性值和 value 值相等时，单选框被选中
• form:radiobuttons：单选框组标签，用于构造多个单选框
  • items：可以是一个 List、String[] 或 Map
  • itemValue：指定 radio 的 value 值。可以是集合中 bean 的一个属性值
  • itemLabel：指定 radio 的 label 值
  • delimiter：多个单选框可以通过 delimiter 指定分隔符
• form:checkbox：复选框组件。用于构造单个复选框
• form:checkboxs：用于构造多个复选框。使用方式同 form:radiobuttons 标签
• form:select：用于构造下拉框组件。使用方式同 form:radiobuttons 标签
• form:option：下拉框选项组件标签。使用方式同 form:radiobuttons 标签
• form:errors：显示表单组件或数据校验所对应的错误
  • <form:errors path= “*” /> ：显示表单所有的错误
  • <form:errors path= “user*” /> ：显示所有以 user 为前缀的属性对应的错误
  • <form:errors path= “username” /> ：显示特定表单对象属性的错误

      -->

     < form:form modelAttribute = "employee" >

         <!-- path属性就相当于input中的name属性 -->

          <!-- 当员工的id为null，即在添加新员工时再显示姓名 -->    

          < c:if test = " ${ empty requestScope.employee.id } " >    

             姓名： < form:input path = "lastName" />< br >

          </ c:if >  

         <!-- 对应更新来说，需要将POST请求转换为PUT请求，所以需要传一个请求参数_method -->  

         < c:if test = " ${! empty requestScope.employee.id } " >

              < form:hidden path = "id" />

              < input type = "hidden" name = "_method" value = "put" >

         </ c:if >

        邮箱： < form:input path = "email" />< br >

        性别： < form:radiobutton path = "gender" value = "1" label = "男" />

              < form:radiobutton path = "gender" value = "0" label = "女" />< br >

        部门： < form:select path = "department.id" items = " ${requestScope.depts } " itemValue = "id" itemLabel = "departmentName" ></ form:select >

              < br >

              < input type = "submit" >

     </ form:form >

</ body >

</ html >