黑与白

有A、B、C、D、E五人，每人额头上都帖了一张黑或白的纸。五人对坐，每人都可以看到其它人额头上的纸的颜色。五人相互观察后，
A说：“我看见有三人额头上帖的是白纸，一人额头上帖的是黑纸。”
B说：“我看见其它四人额头上帖的都是黑纸。”
C说：“我看见一人额头上帖的是白纸，其它三人额头上帖的是黑纸。”
D说：“我看见四人额头上帖的都是白纸。”
E什么也没说。
现在已知额头上帖黑纸的人说的都是谎话，额头帖白纸的人说的都是实话。问这五人谁的额头是帖白纸，谁的额头是帖黑纸？


*问题分析与算法设计
假如变量A、B、C、D、E表示每个人额头上所帖纸的颜色，0 代表是黑色，1 代表是白色。根据题目中A、B、C、D四人所说的话可以总结出下列关系：
A说： a&&b+c+d+e==3||!a&&b+c+d+e!=3
B说： b&&a+c+d+e==0||!b&&a+c+d+e!=0
C说： c&&a+b+d+e==1||!c&&a+b+d+e!=1
D说： d&&a+b+c+e==4||!d&&a+b+c+e!=4

穷举每个人额头所帖纸的颜色的所有可能的情况，代入上述表达式中进行推理运算，使上述表达式为“真”的情况就是正确的结果。

  1 #include <stdio.h>
  2 
  3 int main()
  4 {
  5     int a, b, c, d, e;
  6     for (a = 0; a <= 1; a++)
  7         for (b = 0; b <= 1; b++)
  8             for (c = 0; c <= 1; c++)
  9                 for (d = 0; d <= 1; d++)
 10                     for (e = 0; e <= 1; e++)
 11                         if ((a&&3==b+c+d+e||!a&&b+c+d+e!=3)&&(b&&0==a+c+d+e||!b&&a+c+d+e!=0)&&(c&&1==a+b+d+e||!c&&a+b+d+e!=1)&&(d&&4==a+b+c+e||!d&&a+b+c+e!=4))
 12                         {
 13                             printf("A is pasted a piece of %s paper on his forehead.\n", a ?"white":"black");
 14                             printf("B is pasted b piece of %s paper on his forehead.\n", b ?"white":"black");
 15                             printf("C is pasted c piece of %s paper on his forehead.\n", c ?"white":"black");
 16                             printf("D is pasted d piece of %s paper on his forehead.\n", d ?"white":"black");
 17                             printf("E is pasted e piece of %s paper on his forehead.\n", e ?"white":"black");
 18                         }
 19     return 0;
 20 }
 21 
 22 

[root@localhost 52]# vim paper.c 
[root@localhost 52]# gcc paper.c 
[root@localhost 52]# ./a.out 
A is pasted a piece of black paper on his forehead.
B is pasted b piece of black paper on his forehead.
C is pasted c piece of white paper on his forehead.
D is pasted d piece of black paper on his forehead.
E is pasted e piece of white paper on his forehead.