linux 开局常用命令

目录

修改静态ip地址

修改主机名称

停止防火墙

禁用selinux

常用软件包的安装

rocky linux 8修改阿里云源

rocky linux 9修改阿里云源

配置系统时间与网络同步

关闭系统swap缓存

host文件解析配置

ssh免密快速配置

加载系统内核参数

tab键命令补全

docker-ce阿里云源安装

docker常用命令

---

修改静态ip地址

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

# 静态IP地址
IPADDR="192.168.3.200"
NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
GATEWAY="192.168.3.2"
DNS1="114.114.114.114"

修改主机名称

hostnamectl set-hostname master1-admin

停止防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

禁用selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

常用软件包的安装

yum install -y epel-release tree vim wget bash-completion lrzsz  nfs-utils net-tools sysstat iotop unzip nc nmap telnet bc psmisc yum-utils ipvsadm git socat conntrack sshpass

rocky linux 8修改阿里云源

sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
    -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux|g' \
    -i.bak \
    /etc/yum.repos.d/Rocky-*.repo

rocky linux 9修改阿里云源

sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
    -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/rocky|g' \
    -i.bak \
    /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky-*.repo

配置系统时间与网络同步

​
删除原有配置加入下面地址
vim /etc/chrony.conf

server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
server ntp.ntsc.ac.cn iburst
server time.neu.edu.cn iburst

systemctl restart chronyd

chronyc sources -v #查看同步状态
​
timedatectl #查看同步状态
               Local time: 五 2024-03-22 17:30:40 CST
           Universal time: 五 2024-03-22 09:30:40 UTC
                 RTC time: 五 2024-03-22 09:30:40
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
System clock synchronized: no   ####yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no
​

关闭系统swap缓存

swapoff -a && sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

host文件解析配置

echo '192.168.3.31 zhyj1.com zhyj1' >> /etc/hosts

ssh免密快速配置

创建秘钥

ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' -q

参数讲解：

ssh-keygen：密钥对创建工具 [-P old_passphrase] 密码 [-f output_keyfile] 输出的秘钥文件 [-q] 不输出信息 [-t dsa ] 指定秘钥类型

拷备秘钥到其他主机：

yum install sshpass
sshpass -p123456 ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no" 192.168.3.32

参数讲解： [root@web02 ~]# sshpass -help Usage: sshpass [-f|-d|-p|-e] [-hV] command parameters sshpass -p123456 ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no" 192.168.137.32 sshpass [-f|-d|-p|-e] [-hV] command parameters ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@172.16.1.8 ssh-copy-id [-f] [-i [identity_file]] [-p port] [[-o <ssh -o options>] ...] [user@]hostname 说明： -f: force mode 强制 [-i [identity_file]] 指定秘钥文件 [[-o <ssh -o options>] ...] 指定ssh参数选项

加载系统内核参数

modprobe br_netfilter
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
#加入开机启动项目
echo "modprobe br_netfilter" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#查看是否加载
lsmod | grep  br_netfilter

tab键命令补全

yum install bash-completion

docker-ce阿里云源安装

yum install yum-utils -y
yum config-manager --add-repo=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

yum install docker-ce -y --allowerasing  # rocky8/9
yum install docker-ce -y # centos7 

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "insecure-registries": ["192.168.137.35:5000"],
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://xwom7jvu.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

# daemon.json 配置文件

{"registry-mirrors":["https://rsbud4vc.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","https://dockerhub.azk8s.cn","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
"insecure-registries":["192.168.40.62","harbor.cn"]
}

#降级containerd.io
yum install containerd.io-1.6.28-3.1.el8.x86_64

#指定安装docker的版本
yum install docker-ce-24.0.2-1.el8.x86_64 

docker常用命令

[root@zhyj5 ~]# docker commit  -a "hello" -m "add" 2c3457d804ba vv
sha256:0988d4c96972b89c9d366be33578cc020b794dd8cbdf65fd87157fe7c0fbf0d8
[root@zhyj5 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
vv           latest    0988d4c96972   7 seconds ago   471MB
v1           latest    f7e1bba77f64   3 minutes ago   471MB
centos       latest    76d6bc25b8a5   5 years ago     200MB
mycentos     v2        76d6bc25b8a5   5 years ago     200MB

#Portainer安装
docker run -d -p 8088:9000 \
--restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --privileged=true portainer/portainer-ce

#删除所有容器
docker rm $(docker ps -aq)

#停止所有容器
docker stop $(docker ps -q)

#打包所有镜像
docker save $(docker images | grep -v REPOSITORY | awk 'BEGIN{OFS=":";ORS=" "}{print $1,$2}') -o allimages.tar