es6-补充项

1、 解构赋值

• 交换变量

  let x = 1;
  let y = 2;
  
  [x, y] = [y, x];
  

• 函数返回多个值

  // 返回一个数组
  function example() {
      return [1, 2, 3];
    }
    let [a,  b, c] = example();
  // 返回一个对象
  function example() {
      return {
        foo: 1,
        bar: 2
        }
  }  
  let { foo, bar } = example();
  

• 函数参数的定义

  // 参数是一组有次序的值
  function f([x, y, z]) { }
  f([1, 2, 3]);
  // 参数是一组无次序的值
  function f({x, y, z}) { }
  f({z: 3, y: 2, x:  1});
  

• 提取 JSON 数据

  let jsonData = {
      id: 42,
      status: "OK",
      data: [867, 5309]
    };
    let { id, status, data: number } = jsonData;
    console.log(id, status, number); 42, "OK", [867, 5309]
  

2、扩展运算符

• 输出

  console.log(...[1, 2, 3])
  // 1 2 3
  console.log(1, ...[2, 3, 4], 5)
  // 1 2 3 4 5
  

• 函数调用

  //情形1
  function add(x, y) {
      return x + y;
    }
    
    const numbers = [4, 38];
    add(...numbers) // 42
    //情形2
    function push(array, ...items) {
  	array.push(...items);
    }
  

• 将一个数组添加到数组尾部

  let arr1 = [0, 1, 2];
  let arr2 = [3, 4, 5];
  arr1.push(...arr2);
  

• 数组合并

  const arr1 = ['a', 'b'];
  const arr2 = ['c'];
  const arr3 = ['d', 'e'];
  
  // ES6 的合并数组
  [...arr1, ...arr2, ...arr3]
  //[ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e' ]
  

3、对象

• 判断两个值是否相等

  Object.is('foo', 'foo')
  // true
  

• 对象合并

  const target = { a: 1 };
  const source1 = { b: 2 };
  const source2 = { c: 3 };
  Object.assign(target, source1, source2);
  target // {a:1, b:2, c:3}
  

• 获取对象键值

  let obj = { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3 };
  
  for (let key of keys(obj)) {
    console.log(key); // 'a', 'b', 'c'
  }
  
  for (let value of values(obj)) {
    console.log(value); // 1, 2, 3
  }
  
  for (let [key, value] of entries(obj)) {
    console.log([key, value]); // ['a', 1], ['b', 2], ['c', 3]
  }
  

4、set和map

• 数组去重

  const arr = [21,3,3,4];
  const a = new Set([...arr]);//a:Set { 21, 3, 4 }
  console.log([...a]);//Set { 21, 3, 4 } -> [ 21, 3, 4 ]
  

• 字符串去重

  let str = 'abbbccd';
  const a =new Set(str);//a:Set { 'a',  'b', 'c', 'd' }
  const joinA = [...a].join('');//[...a] -> set转为数组,
  console.log(joinA);
  console.log([...a])//Set { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' } -> [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' ]
  

• 数组的交集

  let a = new Set([1, 2, 3]);
  let b = new Set([4, 3, 2]);
  
  // 并集
  let union = new Set([...a, ...b]);
  console.log(union);//Set { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
  
  // 交集
  let intersect = new Set([...a].filter(x => b.has(x)));
  console.log(intersect);// set {2, 3}
  // （a 相对于 b 的）差集
  let difference = new Set([...a].filter(x => !b.has(x)));
  // Set {1}
  

• set转化为数组

  const items = new Set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
  const array = Array.from(items);
  console.log(array);
  
  //方式二：[...Arr]
  console.log([...items])
  

• set属性

  let arr = [1,12,1,3,4,2,4,3];
  let setArr = new Set([...arr]);
  console.log(setArr);//Set { 1, 12, 3, 4, 2 }
  console.log('set对象的size:',setArr.size);//set对象的size: 5
  setArr.add(6)
  console.log('set对象的add 6:',setArr);//set对象的add 6: Set { 1, 12, 3, 4, 2, 6 }
  setArr.delete(3)
  console.log('set对象的delete 3:',setArr);//set对象的delete 3: Set { 1, 12, 4, 2, 6 }
  console.log('set对象的has 3:',setArr.has(3));//set对象的has 3: false
  setArr.clear()
  console.log('set对象的 clear:',setArr);//set对象的 clear: Set {}