Spring--JDBC Template

主要内容：

课程介绍： 

课程环境：

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JDBC Template概念：

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示例数据库：

创建数据表代码：

drop database if exists selection_course;

create database selection_course;
use selection_course;

create table course
(
   id                   int not null auto_increment,
   name                 char(20),
   score                int,
   primary key (id)
);

create table selection
(
   student              int not null,
   course               int not null,
   selection_time       datetime,
   score                int,
   primary key (student, course)
);

create table student
(
   id                   int not null auto_increment,
   name                 varchar(20),
   sex                  char(2),
   born                 date,
   primary key (id)
);

alter table selection add constraint FK_Reference_1 foreign key (course)
      references course (id) on delete restrict on update restrict;

alter table selection add constraint FK_Reference_2 foreign key (student)
      references student (id) on delete restrict on update restrict;

insert into course(id,name,score) values(1001,'英语',5);
insert into course(id,name,score) values(1002,'操作系统',5);
insert into course(id,name,score) values(1003,'数据结构',3);

commit;

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创建项目：

step1:引入依赖jar包

<properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 仓库配置 -->
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <!-- 创建私服的地址,优先从阿里云下载 -->
            <id>aliyun</id>
            <name>aliyun</name>
            <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <dependencies>
        <!--        数据库连接-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--        spring 相关组件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--        jdbc template相关组件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

step2:进行spring配置，主要是 数据源 和 JDBC Template

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url"
                  value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/selection_course?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="mima19971009"/>
    </bean>
    <!--    配置Template-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

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JDBC template基本使用：

测试代码：

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class Test {

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testExecute(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate  = (JdbcTemplate)context.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table user1(id int,name varchar(20))");
    }

}

输出结果：

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update和batchUpdate:

update方法：

测试 int update(String sql,Object[] args)

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testUpdate(){

        String sql = "insert into student(name,sex) values(?,?)";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,new Object[]{"张飞","男"});
    }

输出结果：

测试 int update(String sql,Object... args)

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testUpdate2(){

        String sql = "update student set sex=? where id =?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,"女","1");
    }

输出结果：

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batchUpdate方法：

测试 int[] batchUpdate(String[] sql):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testBatchUpdate(){

        String[] sqls = {
                "insert into student(name,sex) values('关羽','男')",
                "insert into student(name,sex) values('刘备','男')",
                "update student set sex='女' where id =2"
        };
        jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sqls);
    }

输出结果：

测试 int[] batchUpdate(String sql,List<Object[]> args):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testBatchUpdate2(){

        String sql = "insert into selection(student,course) values (?,?)";

        List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        list.add(new Object[]{3,1001});
        list.add(new Object[]{3,1003});
        jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql,list);
    }

输出结果：

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获取简单数据项： 

测试获取一个：

测试 T  queryForObject(String sql,Class<T> type):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testQuerySimple1(){
        String sql = "select count(*) from student";
        int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,Integer.class);
        System.out.println(count);
    }

输出结果：

3

测试获取多个： 

测试List<T>  queryForList(String sql,Class<T> type):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testQuerySimple2(){
        String sql = "select name from student where sex=?";
        List<String> names = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql,String.class,"女");
        System.out.println(names);
    }

输出结果：

[张飞, 关羽]

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查询复杂对象(封装成Map)：

测试获取一个：

测试 Map queryForMap(String sql):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testQueryMap1(){
        String sql = "select * from student where id = ?";
        Map<String,Object> stu = jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(sql,1);
        System.out.println(stu);
    }

输出结果：

{id=1, name=张飞, sex=女, born=null}

测试获取多个：

测试 List<Map<String,Object>> queryForList(String sql):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testQueryMap2(){
        String sql = "select * from student";
        List<Map<String,Object>> stus = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
        System.out.println(stus);
    }

输出结果：

[{id=1, name=张飞, sex=女, born=null}, {id=2, name=关羽, sex=女, born=null}, {id=3, name=刘备, sex=男, born=null}]

 

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查询复杂对象(封装为实体对象) :

首先定义实体类对象：Student

package com.imooc.sc.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Date born;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Date getBorn() {
        return born;
    }

    public void setBorn(Date born) {
        this.born = born;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return "Student{"+id+","+name+","+sex+","+born+"}";
    }
}

构造一个

    private class StudentRowMapper implements RowMapper<Student>{
        public Student mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
            Student stu = new Student();
            stu.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
            stu.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
            stu.setSex(resultSet.getString("sex"));
            stu.setBorn(resultSet.getDate("born"));
            return stu;
        }
    }

 测试获取一个：

测试：T queryForObject(String sql, RowMapper<T> mapper):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testQueryEntity1(){
        String sql = "select * from student where id = ?";
        Student stu = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new StudentRowMapper(), 1);
        System.out.println(stu);
    }

输出结果；

Student{1,张飞,女,null}

测试获取多个：

测试：List<T> queryForList(String sql, RowMapper<T> mapper):

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testQueryEntity2(){
        String sql = "select * from student";
        List<Student> stus = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new StudentRowMapper());
        System.out.println(stus);
    }

输出结果：

[Student{1,张飞,女,null}, Student{2,关羽,女,null}, Student{3,刘备,男,null}]

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持久层实现：

StudentDao：接口

package com.imooc.sc.dao;

import com.imooc.sc.entity.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentDao {
    void insert(Student stu);
    void update(Student stu);
    void delete(int id);
    Student select(int id);
    List<Student> selectAll();
}

StudentDaoImpl:StudentDao接口实现类

package com.imooc.sc.dao.impl;

import com.imooc.sc.dao.StudentDao;
import com.imooc.sc.entity.Student;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void insert(Student stu) {
        String sql = "insert into student(name,sex,born) values(?,?,?)";
        //模版会对日期进行转换
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,stu.getName(),stu.getSex(),stu.getBorn());
    }

    public void update(Student stu) {
        String sql = "update student set name=? ,sex=?,born=? where id=?";
        //模版会对日期进行转换
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,stu.getName(),stu.getSex(),stu.getBorn(),stu.getId());
    }

    public void delete(int id) {
        String sql = "delete from student where id=?";
        //模版会对日期进行转换
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,id);

    }

    public Student select(int id) {
        String sql = "select * from student where id =?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,new StudentRowMapper(),id);
    }

    public List<Student> selectAll() {
        String sql = "select * from student";
        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new StudentRowMapper());
    }

    private class StudentRowMapper implements RowMapper<Student>{
        public Student mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
            Student stu = new Student();
            stu.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
            stu.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
            stu.setSex(resultSet.getString("sex"));
            stu.setBorn(resultSet.getDate("born"));
            return stu;
        }
    }
}

CourseDao:接口

package com.imooc.sc.dao;

import com.imooc.sc.entity.Course;
import com.imooc.sc.entity.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface courseDao {

    void insert(Course course);
    void update(Course course);
    void delete(Course course);
    Student select(int id);
    List<Student> selectAll();
}

CourseDaoImpl：接口实现类

package com.imooc.sc.dao.impl;

import com.imooc.sc.entity.Course;
import com.imooc.sc.entity.Student;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class CourseDaoImpl {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void insert(Course course) {
        String sql = "insert into student(name,score) values(?,?)";
        //模版会对日期进行转换
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,course.getName(),course.getScore());
    }

    public void update(Course course) {
        String sql = "update Course set name=? ,score=? where id=?";
        //模版会对日期进行转换
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,course.getName(),course.getScore());
    }

    public void delete(int id) {
        String sql = "delete from Course where id=?";
        //模版会对日期进行转换
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,id);

    }

    public Course select(int id) {
        String sql = "select * from course where id=?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,new CourseRowMapper(),id);
    }

    public List<Course> selectAll() {
        String sql = "select * from course";
        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new CourseRowMapper());
    }
    private class CourseRowMapper implements RowMapper<Course> {
        public Course mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
            Course course = new Course();
            course.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
            course.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
            course.setScore(resultSet.getInt("score"));
            return course;
        }
    }
}

SelectionDao:接口

package com.imooc.sc.dao;

import com.imooc.sc.entity.Selection;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface SelectionDao {
    void insert(List<Selection> seles);
    void delete(int sid,int cid);
    List<Map<String,Object>>  selectByStudent(int sid);
    List<Map<String,Object>>  selectByCourse(int cid);
}

SelectionDaoImpl：SelectionDao接口实现类

package com.imooc.sc.dao.impl;

import com.imooc.sc.dao.SelectionDao;
import com.imooc.sc.entity.Selection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Repository
public class SelectionDaoImpl implements SelectionDao {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void insert(List<Selection> seles) {
        String sql = "insert into selection values(?,?,?,?)";
        List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        for (Selection sel : seles) {

            Object[] args = new Object[4];
            args[0]= sel.getSid();
            args[1]= sel.getCid();
            args[2]= sel.getSelTime();
            args[4]= sel.getScore();
            list.add(args);
        }
        jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql,list);
    }

    public void delete(int sid,int cid) {
        String sql = "delete from Course where student=? and course=?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,sid,cid);

    }

    public List<Map<String, Object>> selectByStudent(int sid) {
        String sql = "select se.*,stu.name sname,cou.name cname from selection se " +
                "left join student stu on se.student=stu.id " +
                "left join course cou on se.course=cou.id" +
                "where student=?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql,sid);
    }

    public List<Map<String, Object>> selectByCourse(int cid) {
        String sql = "select se.*,stu.name sname,cou.name cname from selection se " +
                "left join student stu on se.student=stu.id " +
                "left join course cou on se.course=cou.id" +
                "where course=?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql,cid);
    }
}

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JDBC Template优缺点分析：

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总结：