帮助理解java异常的简单例子

import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class TestException {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 1;
        int b = 0;
        try

        {
            //  如果不用try-catch程序就不会往下执行了　　
            if (b == 0) throw new ArithmeticException();
            System.out.println("a/b的值是：" + a / b);
            System.out.println("this will not be printed!");
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("程序异常，变量b不能为0！" + e);
        }


        //多重catch语句，必须先小后大，先父类在子类 。否则，捕获底层异常类的catch子句将可能会被屏蔽。
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        try {
            System.out.println("请输入第一个数：");
            int one = input.nextInt();
            System.out.println("请输入第二个数");
            int two = input.nextInt();
            System.out.println("两数相除结果为：" + one / two);
        } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            System.out.println("请输入整数");
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("two不能为0");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("未知错误");
        }


        //try嵌套
        try {
            int c = 0;//为0抛出ArithmeticException  为1抛出为0抛出ArithmeticException
            int d = 42 / c;
            System.out.println("c=" + c);
            try {
                if (c == 1) {
                    c = c / (c - c);
                }
                if (c == 2) {
                    int e[] = {1};
                    e[42] = 99;
                }
            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                //数组超出异常
                System.out.println("数组超出异常" + e);
            }
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("c不能为0");
        }


        //throw
        //该程序两次处理相同的错误，首先，main()方法设立了一个异常关系然后调用proc()。
        // proc()方法设立了另一个异常处理关系并且立即抛出一个NullPointerException实例，
        // NullPointerException在main()中被再次捕获。
        try {
            proc();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            System.out.println("内部捕获"+e);
        }


        //finally  在try/catch块完成之后另一个try/catch出现之前执行
        try{
            proc1();
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println("捕获异常");
        }



        //自定义异常
        try{
            compute(1);
            compute(20);
        }catch(MyException me){
            System.out.println("捕获 " + me);
        }


        System.out.println("程序正常结束。");

    }

    static void proc() {
        try {
            throw new NullPointerException("空指针异常");
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            System.out.println("捕获异常" + e);
            throw e;
        }
    }
    static void proc1(){
        try{
            System.out.println("内部异常");
            throw new RuntimeException("运行时异常");
        }finally {
            System.out.println("finally执行");
        }
    }

    static void compute(int a) throws MyException{
        System.out.println("compute方法(" + a + ")");
        if(a > 10){
            throw new MyException(a);
        }
        System.out.println("正常退出!");
    }


}
class MyException extends RuntimeException{
    private int code;
    MyException(int a){
        this.code=a;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "MyException{"+code+"}";
    }
}