``符(Tab键上方):在shell中用于执行控制台命令
如:class=date echo ${class} 输出:date
而 class=`date` echo ${class} 输出:Tue May 29 17:48:03 CST 2018
''符:里面的符号都会被系统当作字符串执行
""符:里面的符号可存在转义字符
如:class='1701A' echo 'class is ${class}class' 输出:class is ${class}class
而:class='1701A' echo "class is ${class}class" 输出:class is 1701Aclass
expr命令:可当作计算器使用(暂时只发现配合``使用 如:echo `expr 6 + 5` 输出:11)
也可配合字符串使用
如:class='1701A'
echo `expr index "$class" A` 输出5
unset:删除变量
如:class='1701A'
unset class
echo "class is ${class}
输出:class is
readonly:使变量只读
如:class='1701A'
readonly class
class='1702'
echo "class is ${class}"
输出:会提示第三行报错,然后打印:class is 1701A