Spring MVC 基础

1.环境搭建 

     <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

开启注解扫描 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wyc"/>

    视图解析器-
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    开启注解  springmvc注解支持
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  -前端控制器
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  配置过滤器--
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

2.注解的使用

表名为控制类
@Controller 
@RequestMapping(path = "/user")    value也是path别名
public class HelloController {

 @RequestMapping(path = "/hello",method = {RequestMethod.POST},params = {"username"},headers = {"User-Agent"})
    public String sayHello(){
        System.out.println("hello mvc");
        return "sucess1";
}}

1.RequestMapping 

     1.加载类上表名为 一级 url目录     表在方法上表名为二级目录    必须以 user/hello  才能执行sayHello方法

public enum RequestMethod {     称为枚举类     类名.名字  取出方法
    GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, OPTIONS, TRACE}

     2.属性   

         1.method   值是一个枚举类   必须以什么样的方法请求  ,可以有多个 

         2. params  请求url的参数必须含有的属性  ,或者  "username=wyc"   请求的参数属性必须等于wyc

         3.headers  请求头中必须含有的 键

 

1.application/x-www-form-urlencoded，(jquery,get,post 默认的格式)

     这种情况的数据 @RequestParam 、@ModelAttribute可以处理，@RequestBody 也可以处理。
2.multipart/form-data，

     @RequestBody不能处理这种格式的数据。（form表单里面有文件上传时，必须要指定enctype属性值 为multipart/form-data ，意思是以二进制流的形式传输文件。）
3.application/json、application/xml

      等格式的数据，必须使用 @RequestBody 来处理。