SpringMVC相关

1.SpringMVC和Struts2的优劣分析

共同点：

• 它们都是表现层框架，都是基于MVC模型编写的
• 它们的底层都离不开原始的ServletAPI
• 它们处理请求的机制都是一个核心控制器

区别：

• SpringMVC的入口是Servlet，而Struts2是Filter

• SpringMVC是基于方法设计的，而Struts2是基于类，Struts2每次执行都会创建一个动作类。所以SpringMVC会稍微比Struts2快些

• Spring MVC 使用更加简洁,同时还支持 JSR303, 处理 ajax 的请求更方便

• Struts2 的 OGNL 表达式使页面的开发效率相比 Spring MVC 更高些，但执行效率并没有比 JSTL 提

  升，尤其是 struts2 的表单标签，远没有 html 执行效率高

2.SpringMVC入门程序

• 项目依赖jar包：pom.xml

<properties>
	<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
	<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
	<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
	<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
    	<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
   	 	<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    	<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>    

• web.xml里关于servlet的一些配置

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--配置初始化参数，让servlet加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--配置servlet对象在服务器启动时就创建，相当于配置了服务器一启动就加载了springmvc.xml配置文件
        从而让配置文件里的注解扫描生效-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

• SpringMVC的配置文件：springmvc.xml

在SpringMVC的各个组件中，处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器成为SpringMVC的三大组件

使用<mvc:annotation-driven/>配置会自动加载处理映射器和处理适配器，而视图解析器我们自己配置了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zzx"/>

    <!--配置视图解析器对象-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--代表文件所在的目录-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <!--代表文件的后缀名-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!--开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>    
</beans>

• HelloController类

@Controller //代表该类是一个controller
public class HelloController {
    //配置请求的路径
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String sayHello() {
        System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC");
        return "success"; //返回的success字符串会根据springmvc.xml中的视图解析器配置找到相应目录下的success.jsp文件
    }
}

3.SpringMVC解决中文乱码问题

在web.xml新增过滤器配置

<filter>
  <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  <!--此过滤器是Spring为我们提供的-->
  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

4.SpringMVC的参数绑定

4.1.普通参数绑定

• jsp中的form表单：

<form action="user/saveUser" method="post">
    姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

• controller：

只需要在controller中对应的方法提供与表单中name属性值对应的参数就可以了，即：

​ 第一个参数String username 对应 姓名：：<input type="text" name="username">中的name属性值

​ 第二个参数同理

@RequestMapping("/saveUser")
public String saveUser(String username, String password) {
    System.out.println(username + "---" + password);
    return "success";
}

4.2.引用参数绑定

• jsp中的form表单

<form action="user/saveUser" method="post">
    姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    金额：<input type="text" name="money"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

• 与表单中name属性的值对应的javaBean：Account.class

该类中的字段名称应与表单中的name属性的值一一对应

public class Account {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Double money;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

• controller:

在controller直接使用javabean作参数就可以接收表单的数据

@RequestMapping("/saveUser")
public String saveUser(Account account) {
    System.out.println(account);
    return "success";
}

4.3.引用参数包含另一引用参数

• jsp

<form action="user/saveUser" method="post">
    姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    金额：<input type="text" name="money"><br>
    <!--由于是Account中包含了User的引用，因此此处name属性的值应为user.uname，uname是与User类中的字段对应-->
    用户姓名：<input type="text" name="user.uname"><br>
    用户年龄：<input type="text" name="user.age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

• 两个javaBean，分别为Account.class、User.class

public class Account {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Double money;
    
    //Account.class中包含User的引用
    private User user;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                ", user=" + user +
                '}';
    }
}

public class User {
    private String uname;
    private Integer age;

    public String getUname() {
        return uname;
    }

    public void setUname(String uname) {
        this.uname = uname;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "uname='" + uname + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

• controller

@RequestMapping("/saveUser")
public String saveUser(Account account) {
    System.out.println(account);
    return "success";
}

4.4.参数中包含集合

• jsp

<form action="user/saveUser" method="post">
    姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    金额：<input type="text" name="money"><br>
   
    用户姓名：<input type="text" name="list[0].uname"><br>
    用户年龄：<input type="text" name="list[0].age"><br>
    
    用户姓名：<input type="text" name="map['zzx'].uname"><br>
    用户年龄：<input type="text" name="map['zzx'].age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

• 实体类（User类同上）

public class Account {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Double money;
    private List<User> list;
    private Map<String,User> map;

    public List<User> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<User> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public Map<String, User> getMap() {
        return map;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, User> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                ", list=" + list +
                ", map=" + map +
                '}';
    }
}

• controller

@RequestMapping("/saveUser")
public String saveUser(Account account) {
    System.out.println(account);
    return "success";
}

5.自定义类型转换器

• 编写一个自定义类型转换器的类，该类必须实现Converter接口

//此处泛型第一个指的是接收的需要转换的参数类型，第二个泛型是指要转换成什么类型
public class String2DateConverter implements Converter<String, Date> {

    @Override
    public Date convert(String source) {
        if (source == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("请传入数据");
        }
        //将xxxx-xx-xx的字符串转换成日期格式的
        DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        try {
            return df.parse(source);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("数据类型转换出现错误");
        }
    }
}

• 在springmvc.xml中新增一些配置

<!--配置自定义类型转换器-->
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <property name="converters" ref="string2DateConverter"/>
</bean>

<!--将自己写的实现Converter接口的类配置进spring容器-->
<bean id="string2DateConverter" class="com.zzx.utils.String2DateConverter"/>

<!--此处需要开启springMVC对自定义类型转换器的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>

6.常用注解

1. RequestParam注解

• 作用：把请求中的指定名称的参数传递给控制器中的形参赋值

• 属性：

  ​ value：请求参数中的名称

  ​ required：请求参数中是否必须提供此参数，默认值是true，必须提供

@RequestMapping(path="/hello") 
public String sayHello(@RequestParam(value="username",required=false)String name) { 
	System.out.println("aaaa"); 
	System.out.println(name); 
	return "success"; 
} 

2. RequestBody注解

• 作用：用于获取请求体的内容，获取json数据 （注意：get方法不可以，因为get方法没有请求体）
• 属性：required：是否必须有请求体，默认值是true

@RequestMapping(path="/hello") 
public String sayHello(@RequestBody String body) { 
	System.out.println("aaaa"); 
	System.out.println(body); 
	return "success"; 
} 

3. PathVariable注解

• 作用：拥有绑定url中的占位符的。例如：url中有/delete/{id}，{id}就是占位符
• 属性value：指定url中的占位符名称

请求路径为hello/10

@RequestMapping(path="/hello/{id}") 
public String sayHello(@PathVariable(value="id") String id) { 
	System.out.println(id); 
	return "success"; 
} 

7.使用SpringMVC完成文件上传

• 在pom.xml文件中新增两个依赖jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
</dependency>

• 在springmvc.xml文件中新增文件解析器的配置

<!--配置文件解析器-->
<!--此处bean的id是固定的，multipartResolver-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <!--配置上传文件的最大大小为10M:10*1024*1024-->
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
</bean>

• jsp

<form action="user/fileupload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload"/><br>
    <input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>

• 代码测试

@RequestMapping("/fileupload")
//此处MultipartFile参数的名称必须与jsp表单中的name属性值一致
public String fileUpload(MultipartFile upload) throws IOException {
    String path = "G:\\source\\upload";
    File file = new File(path);
    //判断，若该路径不存在，则创建一个文件夹
    if (!file.exists()) {
        file.mkdirs();
    }

    //获取上传文件的名称
    String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
    //设置文件的名称为唯一值
    String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
    filename = uuid + "_" + filename;
    //上传文件
    upload.transferTo(new File(path, filename));

    return "success";
}

8.ssm整合

• 整合ssm所需相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zzx</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency> <!-- log start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency> <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
            <type>jar</type>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>ssm</finalName>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

8.1搭建Spring环境

• 创建数据库表

#创建名为ssm的数据库
create database ssm; 

#使用该库
use ssm; 

#在ssm库下新建account表
create table account(
id int primary key auto_increment, 
name varchar(20), 
money double );

• 创建与数据库表对应的实体类

public class Account {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
}

• 创建dao以及service（此处省略dao）

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        System.out.println("业务层：查询所有账户。。。");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        System.out.println("业务层：保存账户。。。");
    }
}

• Spring配置文件：applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描，希望只处理service和dao，controller不需要Spring框架处理-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zzx">
        <!--配置哪些注解不扫描，此处表示不对Controller这个注解做出扫描和处理-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
</beans>

• 测试

@Test
public void fun1() {
    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
    AccountService accountService = context.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
    accountService.findAll();
}

//执行结果：业务层：查询所有账户。。。
//Spring框架搭建完成

8.2.搭建SpringMVC环境

• 配置web.xml配置文件

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--配置加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--配置Tomcat服务器一启动就创建Servlet对象-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--设置统一编码为UTF-8-->
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <!--表示拦截所有路径-->
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

• 配置springmvc.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描，只扫描Controller注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zzx">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--配置视图解析器对象-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--/WEB-INF/pages/目录下的-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <!--后缀为.jsp的文件-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--过滤静态资源-->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />

    <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

</beans>

• 测试代码（省略jsp）

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(){
        System.out.println("表现层：查询所有");
        return "list";
    }
}

8.3.Spring整合SpringMVC框架

​ 由于Controller在调用service方法时，需要使用@Autowired来注入需要的依赖。但是在web.xml文件中只配置了当服务器一启动就加载springmvc.xml配置文件，而springmvc.xml配置文件中又声明了在注解扫描时只扫描Controller相关的注解，忽略Service和Dao的注解，因此想要整合Spring和SpringMVC首先需要在服务器启动时同时加载applicationContext.xml配置文件，从而让Service和Dao相关的注解变得可用。

​ 关于如何加载applicationContext.xml配置文件，我们想到了web中最大的域对象ServletContext，这个对象随着服务器的启动而创建，随着服务器的关闭而销毁，而且只创建一次。而Spring也为我们提供了这样的一类监听器。它的作用是监听ServletContext对象的创建和销毁，而且只执行一次。我们可以通过在web.xml中配置这个监听器，让监听器去加载applicationContext.xml这个配置文件。从而整合Spring和SpringMVC

• applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
  	 <!--开启注解扫描，希望只处理service和dao，controller不需要Spring框架处理-->
		<context:component-scan base-package="com.zzx">
    <!--配置哪些注解不扫描，此处表示不对Controller这个注解做出扫描和处理-->
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
		</context:component-scan>
</beans>

• web.xml中监听器的配置

<!--default location (with XmlWebApplicationContext: "/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"
配置监听器，由源码可知默认只加载/WEB-INF/目录下的applicationContext.xml文件
但是我们的配置文件applicationContext.xml是存在与resources目录下的，因此我们还要设置配置文件的路径-->
<listener>
  <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--设置配置文件的路径-->
<context-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

• 测试代码（成功加载applicationContext.xml配置文件之后，就可以成功完成注入Service，并执行业务层的方法了）

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll() {
        System.out.println("表现层：查询所有");
        accountService.findAll();
        return "list";
    }
}

/*输出结果：
表现层：查询所有
业务层：查询所有账户。。。
*/

8.4.搭建Mybatis环境

• 创建SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--配置环境-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <environment id="mysql">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///ssm"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--引入映射配置文件-->
    <mappers>
        <!--只扫描具体的接口：<mapper class="com.zzx.dao.AccountDao"/>-->
        <!--扫描包下所有的接口-->
        <package name="com.zzx.dao"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

• 在AccountDao中的方法上添加注解编写sql语句

@Select("select * from account")
List<Account> findAll();

@Select("insert into account (name,money) values (#{name},#{money})")
void saveAccount(Account account);

• 测试代码

@Test
public void testFindAll() throws IOException {
    //加载配置文件
    InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");

    //SqlSessionFactory
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder factoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
    SqlSessionFactory factory = factoryBuilder.build(in);

    //通过工厂对象得到SqlSession对象
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();

    //通过SqlSession对象得到代理dao对象
    AccountDao accountDao = session.getMapper(AccountDao.class);

    //调用代理dao对象的方法,查询得到结果集
    List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
    for (Account account : accounts) {
        System.out.println(account);
    }
}

/*
成功打印结果，搭建Mybatis完成：
Account{id=1, name='小张', money=8888.0}
Account{id=2, name='小王', money=6666.0}
*/

8.5.Spring整合Mybatis

​ Spring整合Mybatis的核心问题就是将Mybatis通过getMapper()方法AccountDao accountDao = session.getMapper(AccountDao.class);创建的Dao对象存入Spring的核心容器中，可以使得在Service层中注入Dao对象，来调用Dao的方法。

​ 其实就是将SqlMapConfig.xml中的配置转移到Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml文件中，因此Spring和Mybatis整合之后就不再需要SqlMapConfig.xml文件了

• 在applicationContext.xml文件中新增配置

<!--Spring整合Mybatis框架-->
<!--配置连接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///ssm"/>
    <property name="user" value="root"/>
    <property name="password" value="123"/>
</bean>

<!--配置SqlSessionFactory工厂-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactoryBean" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!--传入连接池-->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

<!--配置AccountDao接口所在的包-->
<bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.zzx.dao"/>
</bean>

• list.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: zzx
  Date: 2019/12/19
  Time: 16:16
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%--下面要设置不忽略EL表达式--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>成功！！！</h2>

<c:forEach items="${accounts}" var="account">
    ${account.name}
    ${account.money}
</c:forEach>

</body>
</html>

• 测试代码（此处仅测试findAll方法）

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(Model model) {
        System.out.println("表现层：查询所有");
        List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAll();
        model.addAttribute("accounts",accounts);
        return "list";
    }
}

//页面中成功输出了两条数据，整合完成

• 配置事务

在applicationContext.xml文件中新增以下配置

<!--配置Spring框架声明式事务管理-->
<!--配置事务管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <!--需要配置数据库连接池-->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

<!--配置事务通知-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
    <tx:attributes>
        <!--表示方法名是以find打头的，给所有的find方法都分配只读权限-->
        <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
        <tx:method name="*" isolation="DEFAULT"/>
    </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<!--配置AOP增强-->
<aop:config>
    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.zzx.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
</aop:config>