Elastic Stack核心技术实战03--Elasticsearch中的JavaAPI详解

   今天我们来学习一下怎么使用Java语言去操作Elasticsearch，好了，首先我们打开idea，新建一个项目，

接下来我们引入相关的坐标：

   <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.searchbox</groupId>
            <artifactId>jest</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId>
            <artifactId>jna</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.janino</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-compiler</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>6.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

 也没啥好说的，下面我们来写个demo:

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.创建ES客户端连接池
        JestClientFactory factory = new JestClientFactory();

        //2.创建ES客户端连接地址
        HttpClientConfig httpClientConfig = new HttpClientConfig.Builder("http://192.168.137.93:9200").build();

        //3.设置ES连接地址
        factory.setHttpClientConfig(httpClientConfig);

        //4.获取ES客户端连接
        JestClient jestClient = factory.getObject();

        //5.构建ES插入数据对象
        Index index = new Index.Builder(
                "{\n" +
                "  \"name\":\"李莫愁\",\n" +
                "  \"sex\":0,\n" +
                "  \"age\":35,\n" +
                "  \"force\":8.5,\n" +
                "  \"girlfriend\":\"杨过\",\n" +
                "  \"novel\":\"倚天屠龙记\",\n" +
                "  \"hobby\":\"玉女剑法、少林罗汉拳、黯然销魂拳\",\n" +
                "  \"home\":\"昆仑山\"\n" +
                "}").index("martial_arts").type("_doc").id("00012").build();

        //6.执行插入数据操作
        try {
            jestClient.execute(index);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //7.关闭连接
        jestClient.shutdownClient();
    }
}

好了，我们运行之后就可以回到我们的Kibana中查询一下， 

说明数据已经插入进去了，这里我们使用Java代码将一个json字符串通过HTTP协议发送到elasticsearch中，其实我们仔细看一下Index对象的Builder方法，接受的类型是一个对象，如下图所示：

好吧，既然是个对象的话，那我们是不是就可以创建一个对象，然后将数据封装在对象中传到es中去呢，这样我们就不需要拼接字符串了。下面我们来试试，先创建一个对象：

public class MartialPojo {
     private String name;
    private String sex;
    private String age;
    private String force;
    private String girlfriend;
    private String novel;
    private String hobby;
    private String home;

    public MartialPojo(String name, String sex, String age, String force, String girlfriend, String novel, String hobby, String home) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
        this.force = force;
        this.girlfriend = girlfriend;
        this.novel = novel;
        this.hobby = hobby;
        this.home = home;
    }
}



public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.创建ES客户端连接池
        JestClientFactory factory = new JestClientFactory();

        //2.创建ES客户端连接地址
        HttpClientConfig httpClientConfig = new HttpClientConfig.Builder("http://192.168.137.93:9200").build();

        //3.设置ES连接地址
        factory.setHttpClientConfig(httpClientConfig);

        //4.获取ES客户端连接
        JestClient jestClient = factory.getObject();

        //创建对象
        MartialPojo martialPojo = new MartialPojo("小龙女","0", "0", "8.0", "杨过", "倚天屠龙记","玉女心经、玉女剑法，弹指神功","古墓，襄阳");

        //5.构建ES插入数据对象
//        Index index = new Index.Builder(
//                "{\n" +
//                "  \"name\":\"李莫愁\",\n" +
//                "  \"sex\":0,\n" +
//                "  \"age\":35,\n" +
//                "  \"force\":8.5,\n" +
//                "  \"girlfriend\":\"杨过\",\n" +
//                "  \"novel\":\"倚天屠龙记\",\n" +
//                "  \"hobby\":\"玉女剑法、少林罗汉拳、黯然销魂拳\",\n" +
//                "  \"home\":\"昆仑山\"\n" +
//                "}").index("martial_arts").type("_doc").id("00012").build();
        Index index = new Index.Builder(martialPojo).index("martial_arts").type("_doc").id("00011").build();

        //6.执行插入数据操作
        try {
            jestClient.execute(index);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //7.关闭连接
        jestClient.shutdownClient();
    }
}

 然后我们再回到kibana查询一下：

发现小龙女这条数据已经更新进去了。好了上面就是一个简单的数据导入进去的demo。下面我们来学习一怎么进行批量导入。

看下面这段代码：

public class BatchImportDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        JestClientFactory factory = new JestClientFactory();

        HttpClientConfig httpClientConfig = new HttpClientConfig.Builder("http://192.168.137.93:9200").build();

        factory.setHttpClientConfig(httpClientConfig);

        JestClient jestClient = factory.getObject();

        MartialPojo s1 = new MartialPojo("殷素素","0", "0", "8.0", "张翠山", "倚天屠龙记","弹指神功","昆仑山");
        MartialPojo s2 = new MartialPojo("张翠山","1", "0", "8.0", "殷素素", "倚天屠龙记","武当剑法、太极剑法，弹指神功","武当");
        MartialPojo s3 = new MartialPojo("灭绝师太","0", "0", "8.0", "成昆", "倚天屠龙记","峨嵋剑法","峨眉");
        MartialPojo s4 = new MartialPojo("张三丰","1", "0", "9.9", "郭襄", "倚天屠龙记","太极","武当");
        MartialPojo s5 = new MartialPojo("郭襄","0", "0", "8.0", "杨过", "倚天屠龙记","九阴真经，弹指神功","襄阳");


        //4.创建Bulk对象
        Bulk bulk = new Bulk.Builder()
                .defaultIndex("martial_arts")
                .defaultType("_doc")
                .addAction(new Index.Builder(s1).id("1014").build())
                .addAction(new Index.Builder(s2).id("1015").build())
                .addAction(new Index.Builder(s3).id("1016").build())
                .addAction(new Index.Builder(s4).id("1017").build())
                .addAction(new Index.Builder(s5).id("1018").build())
                .build();

        //5.批量写入
        jestClient.execute(bulk);

        //6.关闭连接
        jestClient.shutdownClient();
    }
}

执行以下就会发先，此时5条数据已经导入到es中了，好了数据的写入我们已经学习的差不多了，下面我们来看看怎么使用JavaAPI 去实现查询的功能。

public class ReadDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //1.创建ES客户端连接池
        JestClientFactory factory = new JestClientFactory();

        //2.创建ES客户端连接地址
        HttpClientConfig httpClientConfig = new HttpClientConfig.Builder("http://192.168.137.93:9200").build();

        //3.设置ES连接地址
        factory.setHttpClientConfig(httpClientConfig);

        //4.获取ES客户端连接
        JestClient jestClient = factory.getObject();

        //5.构建查询数据对象
        Search search = new Search.Builder("{\n" +
                "  \"query\":{\n" +
                "    \"bool\":{\n" +
                "      \"filter\":{\n" +
                "        \"term\":{\n" +
                "          \"novel\" : \"倚天屠龙记\"\n" +
                "        }\n" +
                "        \n" +
                "      }\n" +
                "    }\n" +
                "  }\n" +
                "}").addIndex("martial_arts").addType("_doc").build();

        //6.执行查询操作
        SearchResult searchResult = jestClient.execute(search);

        //7.解析查询结果
        System.out.println(searchResult.getTotal());
        List<SearchResult.Hit<MartialPojo, Void>> hits = searchResult.getHits(MartialPojo.class);
        for (SearchResult.Hit<MartialPojo, Void> hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.source);
        }

        //8.关闭连接
        jestClient.shutdownClient();
    }
}

运行上述的代码，结果如下图所示：

  

可以看到查出来了倚天屠龙记里面的的角色。这就是一个简单的查询，通过Java程序向es发送查询语句来查询。大家也许发现了，再程序里拼接json字符串实在是很难受，而且也不优雅，好了，看下面的代码：

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //1.创建ES客户端连接池
        JestClientFactory factory = new JestClientFactory();

        //2.创建ES客户端连接地址
        HttpClientConfig httpClientConfig = new HttpClientConfig.Builder("http://192.168.137.93:9200").build();

        //3.设置ES连接地址
        factory.setHttpClientConfig(httpClientConfig);

        //4.获取ES客户端连接
        JestClient jestClient = factory.getObject();

        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //创建QueryBuilder对象
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.filter(new TermQueryBuilder("novel", "倚天屠龙记"));

        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder);

        searchSourceBuilder.from(2);
        searchSourceBuilder.size(4);

        //3.创建Search对象
        Search search = new Search.Builder(searchSourceBuilder.toString())
                .addIndex("martial_arts")
                .addType("_doc")
                .build();


        //6.执行查询操作
        SearchResult searchResult = jestClient.execute(search);

        //7.解析查询结果
        System.out.println(searchResult.getTotal());
        List<SearchResult.Hit<MartialPojo, Void>> hits = searchResult.getHits(MartialPojo.class);
        for (SearchResult.Hit<MartialPojo, Void> hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.source);
        }

        //8.关闭连接
        jestClient.shutdownClient();
    }
}

执行之后发先也是可以的，而且还有一个分页的功能。，如下图所示：

好了，关于es的JavaApi读写操作就先给大家介绍到这里了。