Python基础_1 基础语法 if、for、while和keyword模块的使用

# =============================================================================
# python基础
# =============================================================================

import keyword
keyword.kwlist

age=18
print("you good ya, my age is %d "% age)

# 多个变量同时赋值
name,age="ztn",18
(name,age)=("ztn",18)
[name,age]=["ztn",18]
[name,age]=("ztn",18)
(name,age)=["ztn",18]
print("my name calls %s, this year is %d" %(name,age))

# format:格式化输出
a=("ztn",18)
a=["ztn",18]
print("my name calls {}, this year is {}".format(a[0],a[1]))
print("my name calls {}, this year is {}".format(*a))
print("my name calls {0}, this year is {1}".format(*a))
print("my name calls {1}, this year is {0}".format(*a))
a={"name":"ztn","age":18}
print("my name calls {name}, this year is {age}".format(**a))

str1="avxydfac"
print(str1+'\n'+
      str1[::-1]+" #反转字符串")
# str1[a,b,c]
# a:起始位置
# b:终止位置
# c:步长


for i in range(5):
    print(i)

for i in range(5):
    print(i,end=' ') #每次输出不会换行

for i,n in enumerate(range(5)):
    print(i,n) #enumerate函数使其输出下标

# elif必须和if一起使用，否则出错
# else 一般用在最后，即所有条件都不满足时使用
if i=1:
    print(1)
elif i=2:
    print(2)
elif i=3:
    print(3)
else:
    print(-1)

# =============================================================================
# 循环语句
# =============================================================================

# for
for i in range(5):
    print(i)

# while
i=0    
while i<5:
    print(i)
    i=i+1  # i+=1

# break:跳出循环体
for i in range(5):
    if i==3:
        break
    print(i)
    
# continue:跳出本次第i次循环，执行下一次第i+1次循环
for i in range(5):
    if i==3:
        continue
    print(i) 

# break/continue只能用在循环中，除此以外不能单独使用
# break/continue在嵌套循环中，只对最近的一层循环起作用