springboot集成seata

1. 官网如下:

https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/overview/what-is-seata.html

2. 问题 UNDO_LOG 表创建的位置是哪里?需要每一个微服务都创建一张表 UNDO_LOG(反向补偿表) 吗?

集成方法入如下:(参考官网来)

1.

启动服务

1. 核心测试代码如下:

微信付款成功后,回调 支付服务,支付服务调用 订单服务修改订单状态

支付服务代码:


    @GetMapping(value = "/notifyAfterPay")
    public String notifyAfterPay(String orderId,Integer status) throws Exception {
      return payLogService.updateOrderInfoAfterPay(orderId,status);
    }


 

service:

 @Override
    public String updateOrderInfoAfterPay(String orderId,Integer status) {
      
        // 本地服务

        //删除
        payLogMapper.deleteById(orderId);
        //增加
        PayLog payLog = new PayLog();
        payLog.setPayId(orderId);
        payLog.setId(orderId);
        payLog.setStatus(status);
        payLog.setCreateTime(new Date());
        payLogMapper.insert(payLog);

        // 调用外部服务,更新订单状态

        Integer i = orderService.updateOrderById(orderId, status);

        if(i == 1){
            return "success";
        }else{
            // 接入 seata 此处不需要 抛异常
            return "false";
        }


    }

而 通过 feign 调用 的orderservice 代码如下:

  @Override
    public Integer updateOrderById(String id, Integer status) {

        try {
            log.info("to  call order-service ' updateOrderStatus params : orderId {} ,status {}",id,status);
            Integer result = orderFeignApi.updateOrderById(id, status);
            log.info("  called order-service ' updateOrderById result :  {} ",result);
            return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("call order-service ' updateOrderById failed, cause : {}",e.getMessage());
        }
        // 返回 0 代表失败
        return 0;


    };

订单服务对应的controller:

    @RequestMapping(value = "/updateOrderById")
    public Integer updateOrderById(String id,Integer status) throws Exception {

        return orderService.updateOrderById(id,status);
    }

service:(此处模拟抛出一个异常,让订单服务系统异常)


    @Override
    //@GlobalTransactional
    //@Transactional
    public Integer updateOrderById(String id, Integer status) {

        Oorder oorder = orderMapper.selectById(id);
        oorder.setStatus(status);

        int i = orderMapper.updateById(oorder);
        log.info("update  o_order result {}",i);

        int a =  1/0;
        return i;
    }

先看下库里数据:

 

 postMan测试:

 测试结果:

 

订单服务抛异常了,但是 订单的数据还是更新了,原因就是没有加本地事务,

现在将两张表的status 都改成11 ,在订单服务的对应方法上加上   @Transactional 注解

 @Override
    //@GlobalTransactional
   @Transactional
    public Integer updateOrderById(String id, Integer status) {

        Oorder oorder = orderMapper.selectById(id);
        oorder.setStatus(status);

        int i = orderMapper.updateById(oorder);
        log.info("update  o_order result {}",i);

        int a =  1/0;
        return i;
    }

测试结果:

 

 

现在就导致了,支付服务和订单服务 对应订单 的状态不一致

能不能有一种方法让 支付服务 的方法 和 订单服务的方法都成功在提交各自的本地事务呢,只有有一个服务方法失败,其他的服务也都回滚: 有 Seata 组件

说明:

alibaba cloud  ,springcloud 和 springboot  之间 是严格区分版本的,如果版本不匹配,项目启动会报错

Home · alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba Wiki · GitHub

版本说明 · alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba Wiki · GitHub

 

 

 主要依赖:


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>error_prone_annotations</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.errorprone</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

 点进去  2.1.3.RELEASE 查看:

 发现是引擎里 有 seata 的最新依赖

pay-service 全部依赖如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<!--        <version>2.1.11.RELEASE</version>-->
<!--        <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>-->
        <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.authresourcs</groupId>
    <artifactId>pay-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>pay-service</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>





        <!--wxPay-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.wxpay</groupId>
            <artifactId>wxpay-sdk</artifactId>
            <!--这个需要将官网的java maven 工程 打成jar 包然后 install自己的仓库里-->
            <version>3.0.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--修改jdk默认的加密方式-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
            <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
            <version>1.58</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--算法依赖包-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.51</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--JWT令牌-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
            <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--google的布隆过滤器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>22.0</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.10</version>
        </dependency>





        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.18</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- mp 依赖 -->
        <!--导入mybatisplus的依赖不需要导入了mybatis的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        <dependency>-->
        <!--            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>-->
        <!--            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>-->
        <!--            <version>1.1.1</version>-->
        <!--        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-annotation</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>





        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>error_prone_annotations</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.errorprone</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>




        <!--rocketmq-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>



        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>jsr305</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.code.findbugs</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>



        <!--openFeign start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>jsr305</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.code.findbugs</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--openFeign call server-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-openfeign-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--feign gei  xia ge  wu fa  chuandi  qingqiu tou de -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
            <artifactId>feign-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--openFeign end -->


    </dependencies>



    <!--SpringBoot 整合Spring Cloud Alibaba要先整合Spring Cloud,因为Spring Cloud Alibaba属于Spring Cloud的子项目,
         在Spring Cloud中对Spring Cloud Alibaba子项目指定了版本,并做了整合-->

    <dependencyManagement>
        <!--SpringBoot整合Spring Cloud-->
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR9</version>

                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--SpringBoot整合Spring Cloud Alibaba-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>


</project>

配置文件:

seata.enabled=true
seata.applicationId=${spring.application.name}

# 事务组:value 是 file.conf 里 设置的 
seata.tx-service-group=hxlh_tx_group
#  要和 seata 服务器里 file.conf 里   自定义 事务组名称  的 key value 一致  
seata.service.vgroup-mapping.hxlh_tx_group=default

启动项目:

 

然后 对 order-service 也修改成一样的依赖(主要是springboot,springcloud和springcloudalibaba ,和seata  之间的 版本对应关系,否则启动会提示 找不到  类的问题),接着启动项目

 

发现启动成功 

postMan测试:

发现报错:

 

需要引入 方向补偿表:

在 pay-service 里引入 

说明:

其他我们业务使用的数据库中加入一个管理事务日志的表undo_log

-- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

接下来配置seata 服务器:

数据库:

创建三张表:

-- the table to store GlobalSession data
drop table if exists `global_table`;
create table `global_table` (
  `xid` varchar(128)  not null,
  `transaction_id` bigint,
  `status` tinyint not null,
  `application_id` varchar(32),
  `transaction_service_group` varchar(32),
  `transaction_name` varchar(128),
  `timeout` int,
  `begin_time` bigint,
  `application_data` varchar(2000),
  `gmt_create` datetime,
  `gmt_modified` datetime,
  primary key (`xid`),
  key `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
  key `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
);

-- the table to store BranchSession data
drop table if exists `branch_table`;
create table `branch_table` (
  `branch_id` bigint not null,
  `xid` varchar(128) not null,
  `transaction_id` bigint ,
  `resource_group_id` varchar(32),
  `resource_id` varchar(256) ,
  `lock_key` varchar(128) ,
  `branch_type` varchar(8) ,
  `status` tinyint,
  `client_id` varchar(64),
  `application_data` varchar(2000),
  `gmt_create` datetime,
  `gmt_modified` datetime,
  primary key (`branch_id`),
  key `idx_xid` (`xid`)
);

-- the table to store lock data
drop table if exists `lock_table`;
create table `lock_table` (
  `row_key` varchar(128) not null,
  `xid` varchar(96),
  `transaction_id` long ,
  `branch_id` long,
  `resource_id` varchar(256) ,
  `table_name` varchar(32) ,
  `pk` varchar(36) ,
  `gmt_create` datetime ,
  `gmt_modified` datetime,
  primary key(`row_key`)
);

修改seata 服务器配置:

 修改  file.config

## transaction log store, only used in seata-server


service {
  #vgroup->rgroup 这个很重要 客户端 的配置文件里要用的
  vgroupMapping.hxlh_tx_group = "default" #修改自定义事务组名称 hxlh_tx_group
  #only support single node
  default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
  #degrade current not support
  enableDegrade = false
  #disable
  disable = false
  #unit ms,s,m,h,d represents milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, default permanent
  max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1"
  max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1"
}


store {
  ## store mode: file、db、redis
  mode = "db"

  ## file store property
  file {
    ## store location dir
    dir = "sessionStore"
    # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
    maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
    # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
    maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
    # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
    fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
    # when recover batch read size
    sessionReloadReadSize = 100
    # async, sync
    flushDiskMode = async
  }

  ## database store property
  db {
    ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
    datasource = "druid"
    ## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
    dbType = "mysql"
    driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
    url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata"
    user = "root"
    password = "root"
    minConn = 5
    maxConn = 100
    globalTable = "global_table"
    branchTable = "branch_table"
    lockTable = "lock_table"
    queryLimit = 100
    maxWait = 5000
  }

  ## redis store property
  redis {
    host = "127.0.0.1"
    port = "6379"
    password = ""
    database = "0"
    minConn = 1
    maxConn = 10
    maxTotal = 100
    queryLimit = 100
  }

}

修改registry.conf

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  # 修改默认的 file 为 nacos
  type = "nacos"
  loadBalance = "RandomLoadBalance"
  loadBalanceVirtualNodes = 10

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    namespace = ""
    cluster = "default"
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  eureka {
    serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
    application = "default"
    weight = "1"
  }
  redis {
    serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
    db = 0
    password = ""
    cluster = "default"
    timeout = 0
  }
  zk {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  consul {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
  }
  etcd3 {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  sofa {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
    application = "default"
    region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
    datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
    cluster = "default"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    addressWaitTime = "3000"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  # 
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    namespace = ""
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  consul {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
  }
  apollo {
    appId = "seata-server"
    apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
    namespace = "application"
    apolloAccesskeySecret = ""
  }
  zk {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  etcd3 {
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

测试的 method 上加上注解:

pay-service 上业务代码:

   @Override
    @GlobalTransactional(name = "updateOrderInfoAfterPay",rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    @Transactional
    public String updateOrderInfoAfterPay(String orderId,Integer status) {

        //删除
        payLogMapper.deleteById(orderId);
        //增加
        PayLog payLog = new PayLog();
        payLog.setPayId(orderId);
        payLog.setId(orderId);
        payLog.setStatus(status);
        payLog.setCreateTime(new Date());
        payLogMapper.insert(payLog);

        // 调用外部服务,更新订单状态

        Integer i = orderService.updateOrderById(orderId, status);

        if(i == 1){
            return "success";
        }else{
            // 接入 seata 此处不需要 抛异常
            return "false";
        }


    }

 orderService 里 调用的方法:

@Override
    public Integer updateOrderById(String id, Integer status) {

        try {
            log.info("to  call order-service ' updateOrderStatus params : orderId {} ,status {}",id,status);
            Integer result = orderFeignApi.updateOrderById(id, status);
            log.info("  called order-service ' updateOrderById result :  {} ",result);
            return result;
         } catch (Exception e) {
           log.error("call order-service ' updateOrderById failed, cause : {}",e.getMessage());
           // 抛异常的目的是防止吃掉异常
           throw new RuntimeException("修改订单状态异常");
         }

    };

order-service 上业务代码:


    @GlobalTransactional(name = "updateOrderInfoAfterPay",rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    //@Transactional
    @Override
  public Integer updateOrderById(String id, Integer status) {

        Oorder oorder = orderMapper.selectById(id);
        oorder.setStatus(status);

        int i = orderMapper.updateById(oorder);
        log.info("update  o_order result {}",i);

        //int a =  1/0;
        return i;
    }

postMan请求:

流程:

 

 order-service

测试异常情况:

order-service 触发个异常


    @GlobalTransactional(name = "updateOrderInfoAfterPay",rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    //@Transactional
    @Override
  public Integer updateOrderById(String id, Integer status) {

        Oorder oorder = orderMapper.selectById(id);
        oorder.setStatus(status);

        int i = orderMapper.updateById(oorder);
        log.info("update  o_order result {}",i);

        int a =  1/0;
        return i;
    }

走PostMan 执行流程如下:

order-service

 

查看数据库也发现数据没有变,说明seata 生效了

说明:回滚日志,一个事务结束时会删除数据的

回滚日志里的 rollBackInfo 字段实例如下:(有更新前和更新后的 数据)

{
	"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.undo.BranchUndoLog",
	"xid": "192.168.60.84:8091:224970841895813120",
	"branchId": 224970842080362496,
	"sqlUndoLogs": ["java.util.ArrayList", [{
		"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.undo.SQLUndoLog",
		"sqlType": "UPDATE",
		"tableName": "o_order",
		"beforeImage": {
			"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.TableRecords",
			"tableName": "o_order",
			"rows": ["java.util.ArrayList", [{
				"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Row",
				"fields": ["java.util.ArrayList", [{
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "id",
					"keyType": "PRIMARY_KEY",
					"type": 4,
					"value": 1
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "create_time",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 93,
					"value": ["java.sql.Timestamp", [1641998894000, 0]]
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "description",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 12,
					"value": "测试订单1"
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "content",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 12,
					"value": "测试订单1"
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "status",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 12,
					"value": "11"
				}]]
			}]]
		},
		"afterImage": {
			"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.TableRecords",
			"tableName": "o_order",
			"rows": ["java.util.ArrayList", [{
				"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Row",
				"fields": ["java.util.ArrayList", [{
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "id",
					"keyType": "PRIMARY_KEY",
					"type": 4,
					"value": 1
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "create_time",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 93,
					"value": ["java.sql.Timestamp", [1641998894000, 0]]
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "description",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 12,
					"value": "测试订单1"
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "content",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 12,
					"value": "测试订单1"
				}, {
					"@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
					"name": "status",
					"keyType": "NULL",
					"type": 12,
					"value": "12"
				}]]
			}]]
		}
	}]]
}

  • 4
    点赞
  • 15
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值