Leetcode(Java多线程)-1115. 交替打印FooBar

我们提供一个类：

class FooBar {
  public void foo() {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      print("foo");
    }
  }

  public void bar() {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      print("bar");
    }
  }
}
两个不同的线程将会共用一个 FooBar 实例。其中一个线程将会调用 foo() 方法，另一个线程将会调用 bar() 方法。

请设计修改程序，以确保 "foobar" 被输出 n 次。

 

示例 1:

输入: n = 1
输出: "foobar"
解释: 这里有两个线程被异步启动。其中一个调用 foo() 方法, 另一个调用 bar() 方法，"foobar" 将被输出一次。

示例 2:

输入: n = 2
输出: "foobarfoobar"
解释: "foobar" 将被输出两次。

思路1：synchronized

class FooBar {
    private int n;
    Object lock = new Object();
    boolean fooRun = false;

    public FooBar(int n) {
        this.n = n;
    }

    public void foo(Runnable printFoo) throws InterruptedException {
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            synchronized(lock){
            while(fooRun)
            {
                lock.wait();
            }
        	// printFoo.run() outputs "foo". Do not change or remove this line.
        	printFoo.run();
            fooRun = true;
            lock.notify();
            }
        }
    }

    public void bar(Runnable printBar) throws InterruptedException {
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            synchronized(lock){
            while(!fooRun){
                lock.wait();
            }
            // printBar.run() outputs "bar". Do not change or remove this line.
        	printBar.run();
            fooRun = false;
            lock.notify();
            }
        }
    }
}

思路2：volatile

class FooBar {
    private int n;
    volatile boolean flag = false;

    public FooBar(int n) {
        this.n = n;
    }

    public void foo(Runnable printFoo) throws InterruptedException {
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            while(flag){
                Thread.yield();
            }
        	// printFoo.run() outputs "foo". Do not change or remove this line.
        	printFoo.run();
            flag = true;
        }
    }

    public void bar(Runnable printBar) throws InterruptedException {
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            while(!flag){
                Thread.yield();
            }
            // printBar.run() outputs "bar". Do not change or remove this line.
        	printBar.run();
            flag = false;
        }
    }
}

思路3：信号量

class FooBar {
    private int n;
    Semaphore foo_ = new Semaphore(1);
    Semaphore bar_ = new Semaphore(0);

    public FooBar(int n) {
        this.n = n;
    }

    public void foo(Runnable printFoo) throws InterruptedException {
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            
            foo_.acquire();
        	// printFoo.run() outputs "foo". Do not change or remove this line.
        	printFoo.run();
            bar_.release();
        }
    }

    public void bar(Runnable printBar) throws InterruptedException {
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            
            bar_.acquire();
            // printBar.run() outputs "bar". Do not change or remove this line.
        	printBar.run();
            foo_.release();
        }
    }
}