前端导出excel文件

安装插件

import { saveAs } from 'file-saver'
import XLSX from 'xlsx'

下载成excel文件

   import('@/vendor/Export2Excel').then((excel) => {
          excel.export_json_to_excel({
            header, // header是表头,数组
            data, // 是表数据，二维数组
            filename: '销售详细报表'
          })
        })
      }

主要代码分析

将文件转成文件流，用于下载

// 需要使用new Blob()得到一个类文件对象

function s2ab(s) {
  var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
  var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
  for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF;
  return buf;
}
// Blob 对象表示一个不可变、原始数据的类文件对象，Blob（）返回一个新创建的 Blob 对象

构建工作簿，用于下载

// 一个工作簿，可有多个sheet
function Workbook() {
  if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
  this.SheetNames = [];
  this.Sheets = {};
}

下载函数全部代码

// export_json_to_excel函数
export function export_json_to_excel({
  multiHeader = [],
  header,
  data,
  filename,
  merges = [],
  autoWidth = true,
  bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
  /* original data */
  filename = filename || 'excel-list'
  data = [...data]
  data.unshift(header);

  for (let i = multiHeader.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
    data.unshift(multiHeader[i])
  }

  var ws_name = "SheetJS";
  var wb = new Workbook(), // 工作簿，有可能有多个sheet
    ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);

  if (merges.length > 0) {
    if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
    merges.forEach(item => {
      ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
    })
  }

  if (autoWidth) {
    /*设置worksheet每列的最大宽度*/
    const colWidth = data.map(row => row.map(val => {
      /*先判断是否为null/undefined*/
      if (val == null) {
        return {
          'wch': 10
        };
      }
        /*再判断是否为中文*/
      /*拆开每个字判断来设置宽度 */
      else {
        let all_length=0
        val.toString().split('').forEach(
          item=>{
            if (item.charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
              all_length+=2
            } else {
              all_length+=1
            }
          }
        )
        return {
          'wch': all_length+2
        };
      }
    }))
    /*以第一行为初始值*/
    let result = colWidth[0];
    for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
      for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
        if (result[j]['wch'] < colWidth[i][j]['wch']) {
          result[j]['wch'] = colWidth[i][j]['wch'];
        }
      }
    }
    ws['!cols'] = result;
  }

  /* add worksheet to workbook */
  wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
  wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
 // 将工作簿转成excle格式
  var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
    bookType: bookType,
    bookSST: false,
    type: 'binary'
  });
  // 下载/导出
  saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
    type: "application/octet-stream"
  }), `${filename}.${bookType}`);
}

js原生使用文件流进行下载(new Blob)

//  后端返回文件流（文件内容）

this.$axios
  .post(url接口地址, params请求参数, {
    headers: {
      token: token
    },
    responseType: "arraybuffer"
  })
  .then((file) => {
    let content = file.data;
    // 组装a标签
    let elink = document.createElement("a");
    // 设置下载文件名
    elink.download = "附件.zip";
    elink.style.display = "none";
    let blob = new Blob([content], {type: "application/zip"})
    elink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    document.body.appendChild(elink);
    elink.click();
    document.body.removeChild(elink);
  })

注意：responseType应设置为：‘arraybuffer’，这样返回的文件流才会是二进制的，才能使用new Blob得到正确的文件

封装的完整的Export2Excel.js文件

// Export2Excel.js

/* eslint-disable */
import { saveAs } from 'file-saver'
import XLSX from 'xlsx'

function generateArray(table) {
  var out = [];
  var rows = table.querySelectorAll('tr');
  var ranges = [];
  for (var R = 0; R < rows.length; ++R) {
    var outRow = [];
    var row = rows[R];
    var columns = row.querySelectorAll('td');
    for (var C = 0; C < columns.length; ++C) {
      var cell = columns[C];
      var colspan = cell.getAttribute('colspan');
      var rowspan = cell.getAttribute('rowspan');
      var cellValue = cell.innerText;
      if (cellValue !== "" && cellValue == +cellValue) cellValue = +cellValue;

      //Skip ranges
      ranges.forEach(function (range) {
        if (R >= range.s.r && R <= range.e.r && outRow.length >= range.s.c && outRow.length <= range.e.c) {
          for (var i = 0; i <= range.e.c - range.s.c; ++i) outRow.push(null);
        }
      });

      //Handle Row Span
      if (rowspan || colspan) {
        rowspan = rowspan || 1;
        colspan = colspan || 1;
        ranges.push({
          s: {
            r: R,
            c: outRow.length
          },
          e: {
            r: R + rowspan - 1,
            c: outRow.length + colspan - 1
          }
        });
      };

      //Handle Value
      outRow.push(cellValue !== "" ? cellValue : null);

      //Handle Colspan
      if (colspan)
        for (var k = 0; k < colspan - 1; ++k) outRow.push(null);
    }
    out.push(outRow);
  }
  return [out, ranges];
};

function datenum(v, date1904) {
  if (date1904) v += 1462;
  var epoch = Date.parse(v);
  return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
}

function sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data, opts) {
  var ws = {};
  var range = {
    s: {
      c: 10000000,
      r: 10000000
    },
    e: {
      c: 0,
      r: 0
    }
  };
  for (var R = 0; R != data.length; ++R) {
    for (var C = 0; C != data[R].length; ++C) {
      if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R;
      if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C;
      if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R;
      if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C;
      var cell = {
        v: data[R][C]
      };
      if (cell.v == null) continue;
      var cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({
        c: C,
        r: R
      });

      if (typeof cell.v === 'number') cell.t = 'n';
      else if (typeof cell.v === 'boolean') cell.t = 'b';
      else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
        cell.t = 'n';
        cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14];
        cell.v = datenum(cell.v);
      } else cell.t = 's';
      if (cell.t === 's' && data[R][C].indexOf('%') > -1) {
        cell.z = '0.00%'
        cell.t = 'n'
        cell.v = Number(data[R][C].substring(0, data[R][C].length - 1)) / 100
      }
      ws[cell_ref] = cell;
    }
  }
  if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws['!ref'] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range);
  return ws;
}

function Workbook() {
  if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
  this.SheetNames = [];
  this.Sheets = {};
}

function s2ab(s) {
 //1、创建一个字节长度为s.length的内存区域
  var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
 //2、创建一个指向buf的Unit8视图，开始于字节0，直到缓冲区的末尾
  var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
 //3、返回指定位置的字符的Unicode编码
  for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF;
  return buf;
}

export function export_table_to_excel(id) {
  var theTable = document.getElementById(id);
  var oo = generateArray(theTable);
  var ranges = oo[1];

  /* original data */
  var data = oo[0];
  var ws_name = "SheetJS";

  var wb = new Workbook(),
    ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);

  /* add ranges to worksheet */
  // ws['!cols'] = ['apple', 'banan'];
  ws['!merges'] = ranges;

  /* add worksheet to workbook */
  wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
  wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;

  var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
    bookType: 'xlsx',
    bookSST: false,
    type: 'binary'
  });

  saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
    type: "application/octet-stream"
  }), "test.xlsx")
}

export function export_json_to_excel({
  multiHeader = [],
  header,
  data,
  filename,
  merges = [],
  autoWidth = true,
  bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
  /* original data */
  filename = filename || 'excel-list'
  data = [...data]
  data.unshift(header);

  for (let i = multiHeader.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
    data.unshift(multiHeader[i])
  }

  var ws_name = "SheetJS";
  var wb = new Workbook(),
    ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);

  if (merges.length > 0) {
    if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
    merges.forEach(item => {
      ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
    })
  }

  if (autoWidth) {
    /*设置worksheet每列的最大宽度*/
    const colWidth = data.map(row => row.map(val => {
      /*先判断是否为null/undefined*/
      if (val == null) {
        return {
          'wch': 10
        };
      }
        /*再判断是否为中文*/
      /*拆开每个字判断来设置宽度 */
      else {
        let all_length=0
        val.toString().split('').forEach(
          item=>{
            if (item.charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
              all_length+=2
            } else {
              all_length+=1
            }
          }
        )
        return {
          'wch': all_length+2
        };
      }
    }))
    /*以第一行为初始值*/
    let result = colWidth[0];
    for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
      for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
        if (result[j]['wch'] < colWidth[i][j]['wch']) {
          result[j]['wch'] = colWidth[i][j]['wch'];
        }
      }
    }
    ws['!cols'] = result;
  }

  /* add worksheet to workbook */
  wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
  wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;

  var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
    bookType: bookType,
    bookSST: false,
    type: 'binary'
  });
  saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
    type: "application/octet-stream"
  }), `${filename}.${bookType}`);
}

export function export_json_to_excelMul({
  multiHeader = [],
  header,
  data,
  filename,
  merges = [],
  autoWidth = true,
  bookType = 'xlsx',
  ws_name
} = {}, wb) {
  /* original data */
  filename = filename || 'excel-list'
  data = [...data]
  data.unshift(header);

  for (let i = multiHeader.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
    data.unshift(multiHeader[i])
  }

  var ws_name = ws_name || "SheetJS";
  var ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);

  if (merges.length > 0) {
    if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
    merges.forEach(item => {
      ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
    })
  }

  if (autoWidth) {
    /*设置worksheet每列的最大宽度*/
    const colWidth = data.map(row => row.map(val => {
      /*先判断是否为null/undefined*/
      if (val == null) {
        return {
          'wch': 10
        };
      }
      /*再判断是否为中文*/
      else if (val.toString().charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
        return {
          'wch': val.toString().length * 2
        };
      } else {
        return {
          'wch': val.toString().length
        };
      }
    }))
    /*以第一行为初始值*/
    let result = colWidth[0];
    for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
      for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
        if (result[j]['wch'] < colWidth[i][j]['wch']) {
          result[j]['wch'] = colWidth[i][j]['wch'];
        }
      }
    }
    ws['!cols'] = result;
  }
  /* add worksheet to workbook */
  wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
  wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
}

export function export_json_to_excelMultiSheet(sheetList,filename,bookType = "xlsx"){
  var wb = new Workbook()
  filename = filename || "excel-list";
  sheetList.forEach((s)=>{
    export_json_to_excelMul(s,wb)
  })
  var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
    bookType: bookType,
    bookSST: false,
    type: "binary"
  });
  saveAs(
    new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
      type: "application/octet-stream"
    }),
    `${filename}.${bookType}`
  );
}

参考

vue中使用js-xlsx导出excel的实现方法

使用file-saver导出文件

前端使用xlsx导出数据生成Excel文件

xlsx插件，vue中导入导出Excel 表格