【Spring Boot论坛项目实战】4、Redis，一站式高性能存储方案

1 Redis入门

Redis优点：性能很好、支持的数据很完善、使用简单
Redis应用：
1.缓存：使用非常频繁的数据，可以放在内存上
2.排行榜：访问非常频繁的帖子，放在内存上
3.计数器：每访问一下帖子，浏览量+1，这个动作很频繁，用Redis实现
4.社交网络：点赞、点踩、关注，动作很频繁，这种数据存在数据库里也不好存，以键值对的方式存在内存里
5.消息队列：可以满足要求，但不是专门的

Redis主要学数据类型，会存数据类型就ok了，用各种命令

官网：https://redis.io/

下载win版：https://github.com/microsoftarchive/redis
管理员cmd

redis-cli
select 1#内置16个库
flushdb#不想要数据了，刷新库，把内容刷没
#Redis里两个相连的单词用:隔开
set test:count 1#存String类型数据
get test:count
incr test:count#+1
decr test:count#-1
hset test:user id 1#存Hash类型数据
hget test:user id
#list数据：横向容器，左进右出，有序
lpush test:ids 101 102 103
llen test:ids
lindex test:ids 0
lrange test:ids 0 2
rpop test:ids
#集合：无序，无重复数据
sadd test:teachers aaa bbb ccc ddd eee
scard test:teachers#统计
spop test:teachers#随机弹出一个数据
smembers test:teachers
#有序集合：给每个存的值附加一个分数，用分数排序
zadd test:students 10 aaa 20 bbb 30 ccc
zscore test:students ccc#查分数
zrank test:students ccc
zrange test:students 0 2

keys *
keys test*
type test:user
exists test:user
del test:user
expire test:students 10#有效期10秒

2 Spring整合Redis

#RedisProperties
spring.redis.database=11
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
   
    @Bean//定义第三方Bean，Bean名字为redisTemplate
    public RedisTemplate<String,Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory){
   //注入连接工厂才能链接数据库
        RedisTemplate<String,Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(factory);//可以访问数据库了
        //设置key的序列化方式
        template.setKeySerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
        //设置value的序列化方式
        template.setValueSerializer(RedisSerializer.json());
        //设置hash的key的序列化方式
        template.setHashKeySerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
        //设置hash的value的序列化方式
        template.setHashValueSerializer(RedisSerializer.json());

        template.afterPropertiesSet();//设置完之后，触发生效
        return template;
    }
}

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = CommunityApplication.class)
public class RedisTests {
   

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;


    @Test
    public void testStrings(){
   
        String redisKey = "test:count";
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(redisKey, 1);

        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(redisKey));
        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(redisKey));
        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForValue().decrement(redisKey));
    }

    @Test
    public void testHash(){
   
        String redisKey = "test:user";

        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(redisKey, "id", 1);
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(redisKey,"username","zhangsan");

        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(redisKey, "id"));
        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(redisKey, "username"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testLists(){
   
        String redisKey = "test:ids";

        redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(redisKey, 101);
        redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(redisKey, 102);
        redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(redisKey, 103);

        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForList().size(redisKey));
        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForList().index(redisKey, 0));
        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForList().range(redisKey, 0, 2));

        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPop(redisKey));
        System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForList(