适配器模式

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 17:26:25 发布

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分类专栏：设计模式-Java 文章标签：适配器模式

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38958829/article/details/138792352

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定义

适配器模式（adapter pattern）原始定义是：将类的接口转换为客户期望的另一个接口，适配器可以让不兼容的两个类一起工作。

适配器分为两种，一种是类适配器，另一种是对象适配器。

类适配器使用继承关系实现；对象适配器使用组合关系实现。

其中对象适配器在实际代码中较为常用。

架构图

类适配器

对象适配器

举例

需求：假设有一台电脑只能读取sd卡的信息，现在我们想要读取tf卡的信息，这时我们就需要给tf卡加上卡套，将其转换成SD卡进行读取。

类适配器实现

类图

代码实现

/**
 * @Description: SD卡接口
 * @author: zhuoyue
 * @since: 2024/05/13 10:49
 */
public interface SDCard {

    String readSD();

    void writeSD(String msg);
}


/**
 * @Description: SD卡实现类
 * @author: zhuoyue
 * @since: 2024/05/13 10:50
 */
public class SDCardImpl implements SDCard {
    @Override
    public String readSD() {
        String msg = " sd card reading data";
        return msg;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeSD(String msg) {
        System.out.println("sd card write data:"+msg);
    }
}



/**
 * @Description:
 * @author: zhuoyue
 * @since: 2024/05/13 10:55
 */
public class Computer {
    public String read(SDCard sdCard){
        String data = sdCard.readSD();
        return data;
    }
}




/**
 * @Description: TF卡接口
 * @author: zhuoyue
 * @since: 2024/05/13 10:52
 */
public interface TFCard {
    String readTF();

    void writeTF(String msg);
}

/**
 * @Description:
 * @author: zhuoyue
 * @since: 2024/05/13 10:53
 */
public class TFCardImpl implements TFCard {
    @Override
    public String readTF() {
        String msg = "tf card reading data";
        return msg;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeTF(String msg) {
        System.out.println("tf card write data:"+msg);
    }
}


public class SDAdapterTF extends TFCardImpl implements SDCard{
//    private TFCard tfCard;
//
//    public SDAdapterTF(TFCard tfCard) {
//        super.tfCard = tfCard;
//    }



    @Override
    public String readSD() {
        System.out.println("adapter read tf card");
        return readTF();
//        return tfCard.readTF();
    }

    @Override
    public void writeSD(String msg) {
        System.out.println("adapter write tf card");
//        tfCard.writeTF(msg);
        writeTF(msg);
    }
}


/**
 * @Description:
 * @author: zhuoyue
 * @since: 2024/05/13 10:56
 */
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Computer computer = new Computer();
        SDCardImpl sdCard = new SDCardImpl();
        String read = computer.read(sdCard);
        System.out.println(read);

        System.out.println("=======================================");
        TFCardImpl tfCard = new TFCardImpl();
//        SDAdapterTF adapterTF = new SDAdapterTF(tfCard);
        SDAdapterTF adapterTF = new SDAdapterTF();
        System.out.println(computer.read(adapterTF));
    }
}

对象适配器实现

实现方式：对象适配器模式可采取将现有组件库中已经实现的组件引入到适配器类中，该类同时实现当前系统的业务接口。

代码实现

public class SDAdapterTF implements SDCard{
    private TFCard tfCard;

    public SDAdapterTF(TFCard tfCard) {
        this.tfCard = tfCard;
    }
    @Override
    public String readSD() {
        System.out.println("adapter read tf card");
        return tfCard.readTF();
    }

    @Override
    public void writeSD(String msg) {
        System.out.println("adapter write tf card");
        tfCard.writeTF(msg);
    }
}


public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Computer computer = new Computer();
        SDCardImpl sdCard = new SDCardImpl();
        String read = computer.read(sdCard);
        System.out.println(read);

        System.out.println("=======================================");
        TFCardImpl tfCard = new TFCardImpl();
//        SDAdapterTF adapterTF = new SDAdapterTF();
        SDAdapterTF adapterTF = new SDAdapterTF(tfCard);
        System.out.println(computer.read(adapterTF));
    }
}